{"product_id":"proteintech-81844-1-rr","title":"Proteintech, 81844-1-RR, androgen receptor Recombinant monoclonal antibody","description":"Size: 20ul \/ 100ul\nThe androgen receptor (81844-1-RR) by Proteintech is a Recombinant antibody targeting androgen receptor in WB, IHC, IF\/ICC, ELISA, ChIP-qPCR applications with reactivity to human samples\n81844-1-RR targets androgen receptor in WB, IHC, IF\/ICC, ELISA, ChIP-qPCR applications and shows reactivity with human samples.\n\u003cb\u003eTested Applications\u003c\/b\u003e\nPositive WB detected in: LNCaP cells, MCF-7 cells,  K-562 cells\nPositive IHC detected in: human prostate cancer tissueNote: suggested antigen retrieval withTE buffer pH 9.0;(*) Alternatively, antigen retrieval may be performed withcitrate buffer pH 6.0\nPositive IF\/ICC detected in: LNCaP cells\nPositive ChIP-qPCR detected in: dihydrotestosterone (DHT, 10 nM) for 4 hours LNCaP cells\n\u003cb\u003eRecommended dilution\u003c\/b\u003e\nWestern Blot (WB): WB : 1:5000-1:50000\nImmunohistochemistry (IHC): IHC : 1:500-1:2000\nImmunofluorescence (IF)\/ICC: IF\/ICC : 1:500-1:2000\nCHIP-QPCR: CHIP-QPCR : 1:10-1:100\n\u003cb\u003eBackground Information\u003c\/b\u003e\nAndrogen receptor (AR) is a steroid hormone receptor for androgenic hormones such as 17β-Hydroxy-3-oxo-4-androstene and  DHT. AR plays a vital role in developing and maintaining male sex phenotypes as well as an additional role in regulating bone metabolism.1. What is the molecular weight of AR? Are there any isoforms of AR?The molecular weight of full-length androgen receptor (AR-B) is 110 kDa. An additional variant, AR-A, has an 87 kDa size and lacks the N-terminal 187 amino acids of AR-A (PMID: 8108393). Recently, more splice variants of AR have been discovered, raising protein products of around 80 kDa length (PMID: 19244107), as well as an AR45 variant of 45 kDa size (PMID: 15634333). AR splice variants differ in their cell line-specific expression (PMID: 24570075).2. What is the subcellular localization of AR?AR can be present in either or both of the cytoplasm and nucleus. In androgen-deprived cells, AR is found predominantly in the cytoplasm, while stimulation by androgens causes enrichment of androgen-bound AR in the nucleus. AR shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus and its phosphorylation state has an impact on subcellular localization (PMID: 16282370).3. Is AR post-translationally modified?Post-translational modifications of the AR include phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, SUMOylation, and ubiquitination (PMID: 21820033). These modifications have an impact on receptor stability,  activity, and can change the observed molecular weight of the AR.4. How to study AR signaling in cell culture?It is important to control levels of cell stimulation while also looking at AR signaling. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) that is typically used in cell culture contains low levels of 17β-Hydroxy-3-oxo-4-androstene that are enough to stimulate the growth of prostate cells (PMID: 19676093), including the LNCaP cell line that is a commonly used human prostatic carcinoma cell model (PMID: 6831420). One possibility for complete 17β-Hydroxy-3-oxo-4-androstene deprivation is to use charcoal stripped FBS that removes lipophilic agents, including androgens. It is also not recommended to use phenol red in your medium because it is a weak estrogen (PMID: 3458212). Cell stimulation is often conducted by DHT.5. What is the role of AR in prostate cancer?AR plays a key role in the development and physiology of the prostate gland, and also cancer progression (PMID: 15082523). Mutations in AR altering ligands have been observed. The progression of the prostate cancer depends on AR activity and therefore blocking AR activity or lowering androgen levels is a key step related to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).\n\u003cb\u003eSpecification\u003c\/b\u003e\nTested Reactivity: human\nHost \/ Isotype: Rabbit \/ IgG\nClass: Recombinant\nType: Antibody\nImmunogen: CatNo: Ag17291 Product name: Recombinant human AR protein Source: e coli. -derived, PET28a Tag: 6*His Domain: 1-285 aa of BC132975 Sequence: MEVQLGLGRVYPRPPSKTYRGAFQNLFQSVREVIQNPGPRHPEAASAAPPGASLLLLQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQETSPRQQQQQQGEDGSPQAHRRGPTGYLVLDEEQQPSQPQSALECHPERGCVPEPGAAVAASKGLPQQLPAPPDEDDSAAPSTLSLLGPTFPGLSSCSADLKDILSEASTMQLLQQQQQEAVSEGSSSGRAREASGAPTSSKDNYLGGTSTISDNAKELCKAVSVSMGLGVEALEHLSPGEQLRGDCMYAPLLGVPPAVRPTPCAPL Predict reactive species\nFull Name: androgen receptor\nCalculated Molecular Weight: 914 aa, 99 kDa\nObserved Molecular Weight: 110-120 kD\nGenBank Accession Number: BC132975\nGene Symbol: AR\nGene ID (NCBI): 367\nRRID: AB_2935584\nConjugate: Unconjugated\nForm: Liquid\nPurification Method: Protein A purification\nUNIPROT ID: P10275\nStorage Buffer: PBS with 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol, pH 7.3.\nStorage Conditions: Store at -20°C. Stable for one year after shipment. Aliquoting is unnecessary for -20 o C storage. 20ul sizes contain 0.1% BSA.","brand":"Proteintech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46888348352681,"sku":"81844-1-RR","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/ar\/products\/proteintech-81844-1-rr","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}