{"product_id":"abcam-ab269618","title":"Abcam, ab269618, Human GPD2 knockout A-431 cell line","description":"\u003cp\u003eSize: 1000000Cells \/ vial\u003cbr\u003e\nGPD2 KO cell line available to order. KO validated by Next Generation Sequencing. Free of charge wild type control available. Knockout achieved by CRISPR\/Cas9; X = 32 bp deletion, 31 bp deletion, 4 bp deletion; Frameshift: 100%. To order both knockout and wild-type control cells: select 2 x 1000000Cells\/vial. To order only knockout cells: select 1000000Cells\/vial.\u003cbr\u003e\nKey facts\u003cbr\u003e\nCell type:A-431,\u003cbr\u003e\nSpecies or organism:Human,\u003cbr\u003e\nTissue:Skin,\u003cbr\u003e\nForm:LiquidSee storage information,\u003cbr\u003e\nKnockout validation:Next Generation Sequencing,\u003cbr\u003e\nMutation description:Knockout achieved by CRISPR\/Cas9; X = 32 bp deletion, 31 bp deletion, 4 bp deletion; Frameshift: 100%,\u003cbr\u003e\nDisease:Epidermoid Carcinoma\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eProduct details:\u003cbr\u003e\nWe will provide viable cells that proliferate on revival.\u003cbr\u003e\nThis product is subject to limited use licenses from The Broad Institute and ERS Genomics Limited, and is developed with patented technology. For full details of the limited use licenses and relevant patents please refer to our\u003cbr\u003e\nlimited use license\u003cbr\u003e\npatent pages\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eProperties and Storage Information:\u003cbr\u003e\nGene name-GPD2, Gene editing type-Knockout, Gene editing method-CRISPR technology, Knockout validation-Next Generation Sequencing, Shipped at conditions-Dry Ice, Appropriate short-term storage duration-1-2 weeks, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--196°C, -80°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--196°C\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eSupplementary Information:\u003cbr\u003e\nThis supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.\u003cbr\u003e\nGlycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (GPD2) also known as GPDM-m and mGPDH is an enzyme that belongs to the glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family. GPD2 weighs approximately 74 kDa and is expressed in several tissues including the liver kidney and muscle. It primarily localizes in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Mechanically GPD2 catalyzes the oxidation of glycerol-3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate playing an important role in energy metabolism by participating in the glycerol phosphate shuttle. This shuttle facilitates the transfer of reducing equivalents across the mitochondrial membrane.\u003cbr\u003e\nBiological function summary\u003cbr\u003e\nGPD2 plays a role in cellular energy production by linking lipid metabolism to carbohydrate metabolism. It forms part of a complex system supporting oxidative phosphorylation by transferring electrons to the mitochondrial electron transport chain. The activity of GPD2 helps sustain the NAD+\/NADH balance which is essential for maintaining cellular redox states. Through its function GPD2 contributes to metabolic flexibility allowing cells to adapt to changes in fuel availability.\u003cbr\u003e\nPathways\u003cbr\u003e\nGPD2 is involved in important energy production pathways such as the glycerol phosphate shuttle and the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. These pathways are important for efficient ATP production in eukaryotic cells. GPD2 interacts with other metabolic proteins like cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD1) which works in tandem to facilitate the shuttle of reducing equivalents between cytosol and mitochondria. Such processes ensure continuous energy supply necessary for cellular functions especially under conditions where carbohydrates and lipids serve interchangeably as energy sources.\u003cbr\u003e\nGPD2 associates with conditions such as obesity and type 2 diabetes where energy metabolism is often disrupted. Altered GPD2 activity can lead to impaired mitochondrial function contributing to the pathogenesis of these metabolic disorders. Furthermore GPD2 links to proteins implicated in these diseases such as insulin receptor substrates and oxidative stress markers which further influence glucose and lipid homeostasis. Understanding GPD2's interaction with these elements helps in uncovering potential therapeutic targets for such diseases.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Abcam","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46845128835241,"sku":"ab269618","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/products\/abcam-ab269618","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}