{"product_id":"abcam-ab283920","title":"Abcam, ab283920, Recombinant human CD28 protein","description":"\u003cp\u003eSize: 10µg \/ 50µg \/ 100µg\u003cbr\u003e\nRecombinant human CD28 protein is a Human Fragment protein, in the 19 to 152 aa range, expressed in HEK 293 cells, with \u0026gt;95%, \u0026lt;0.005 EU\/µg endotoxin level, suitable for SDS-PAGE, Mass Spec, HPLC.\u003cbr\u003e\nKey facts\u003cbr\u003e\nPurity:\u0026gt;95% SDS-PAGE,\u003cbr\u003e\nEndotoxin level:\u0026lt;0.005 EU\/µg,\u003cbr\u003e\nExpression system:HEK 293 cells,\u003cbr\u003e\nTags:Tag free,\u003cbr\u003e\nApplications:Mass Spec, HPLC, SDS-PAGESee reactivity dataSee the reactivity data table below for information on validated species and application combinations.,\u003cbr\u003e\nBiologically active:No,\u003cbr\u003e\nAccession:P10747,\u003cbr\u003e\nAnimal free:Yes,\u003cbr\u003e\nCarrier free:No,\u003cbr\u003e\nSpecies:Human,\u003cbr\u003e\nStorage buffer:pH: 7.4Constituents: 10.26% Trehalose, 0.727% Dibasic monohydrogen potassium phosphate, 0.248% Potassium phosphate monobasic\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eProperties and Storage Information:\u003cbr\u003e\nShipped at conditions-Ambient - Can Ship with Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-Ambient, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-Ambient\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eSupplementary Information:\u003cbr\u003e\nThis supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.\u003cbr\u003e\nCD28 also known as T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 or TP44 plays an important role as a co-stimulatory receptor on T cells. This glycoprotein has a molecular mass of about 44 kDa and is located mainly on the cell surface of T cells. CD28 expression also occurs on thymocytes and some B cells. It forms part of the immunoglobulin superfamily featuring in significant antibody interactions. Researchers often use anti-CD28 antibodies for various immunological assays including CD28 ELISA to study its function.\u003cbr\u003e\nBiological function summary\u003cbr\u003e\nCD28 co-stimulates T cells after antigen presentation. It enhances T cell proliferation survival and cytokine production. CD28 functions alongside the T cell receptor (TCR) complex mediating signals that promote full T cell activation. This interaction amplifies the immune response forming an important axis of immune system communication. CD28 interacts with its ligands B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86) found on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) illustrating its role in immune system dynamics.\u003cbr\u003e\nPathways\u003cbr\u003e\nCD28 is integral to the PI3K\/Akt and MAPK\/ERK signaling pathways. These pathways conduct signals critical for cellular growth and survival linking CD28 to downstream transcription factors. The interaction with another protein CTLA-4 acts as a regulatory balance for CD28 signaling preventing over-activation of T cells. This balance influences immune homeostasis and tolerance providing a framework for understanding costimulatory and inhibitory signaling.\u003cbr\u003e\nCD28's role becomes evident in autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. Abnormal CD28 signaling links to rheumatoid arthritis where inappropriate T cell activation occurs. Similarly CD28 activity contributes to organ transplant rejection by stimulating T cell-mediated responses against transplanted tissues. CTLA-4 through regulatory feedback can modify these effects providing therapeutic target strategies for managing such disorders. Efforts to modulate CD28 activity involve developing therapeutic agents such as anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Abcam","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46843855012009,"sku":"ab283920","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/products\/abcam-ab283920","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}