{"product_id":"abcam-ab51451","title":"Abcam, ab51451, Anti-SMAD1\/3\/5 (phospho S423 + S425) antibody","description":"\u003cp\u003eSize: 100µg\u003cbr\u003e\nRabbit Polyclonal SMAD3 phospho S423 + S425 antibody. Suitable for WB, IHC-P and reacts with Mouse, Human samples. Cited in 60 publications. Immunogen corresponding to Synthetic Peptide within Human SMAD3 phospho S423 + S425 aa 400 to C-terminus.\u003cbr\u003e\nKey facts\u003cbr\u003e\nHost species:Rabbit,\u003cbr\u003e\nClonality:Polyclonal,\u003cbr\u003e\nIsotype:IgG,\u003cbr\u003e\nCarrier free:No,\u003cbr\u003e\nReacts with:Mouse, Human,\u003cbr\u003e\nApplications:WB, IHC-PSee reactivity dataSee the reactivity data table below for information on validated species and application combinations.,\u003cbr\u003e\nImmunogen:Synthetic Peptide within Human SMAD3 phospho S423 + S425 aa 400 to C-terminus. The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.P84022,\u003cbr\u003e\nSpecificity:ab51451 is specific for the phosphorylated form of the protein although minimal reactivity with nonphosphorylated human Smad3 can be observed by ELISA and WB. ab51451 also reacts with phosphorylated Smad1 and Smad5 but negligible reactivity is seen against other phosphorylated Smad family members.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eProperties and Storage Information:\u003cbr\u003e\nForm-Liquid, Purification technique-Affinity purification Immunogen, Purification notes-ab51451 was affinity purified from monospecific antiserum by immunoaffinity purification. Antiserum was first purified against the phosphorylated form of the immunizing peptide. The resultant affinity purified antibody was then cross adsorbed against the non-phosphorylated form of the immunizing peptide., Storage buffer-pH: 7.2Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azideConstituents: 0.88% Sodium chloride, 0.424% Potassium phosphate solution, Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Aliquoting information-Upon delivery aliquot, Storage information-Avoid freeze \/ thaw cycle\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eSupplementary Information:\u003cbr\u003e\nThis supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.\u003cbr\u003e\nSMAD1 SMAD3 and SMAD5 are intracellular proteins. They act as signal transducers in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathway. These proteins belong to the SMAD family and are sometimes referred to as mothers against decapentaplegic homolog or MADs. SMAD1 has a mass of about 52 kDa SMAD3 is around 48 kDa and SMAD5 is about 50 kDa. All three of them are expressed in a variety of tissues including muscle heart and brain. SMAD proteins undergo phosphorylation by serine\/threonine kinase receptors which facilitates their role in signal transduction.\u003cbr\u003e\nBiological function summary\u003cbr\u003e\nSMAD1 SMAD3 and SMAD5 serve as transcription factors activated by external signaling molecules. Upon activation they form complexes with SMAD4 enabling them to translocate to the nucleus where they regulate gene expression. They influence cell proliferation differentiation and apoptosis playing a role in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. They contribute to the regulation of genes involved in cell cycle control immune response and extracellular matrix production.\u003cbr\u003e\nPathways\u003cbr\u003e\nThe SMAD proteins are central to the TGF-beta signaling pathway and the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway. TGF-beta regulates numerous cellular processes using SMAD3 to propagate signals leading to fibronectin and collagen production. Conversely BMP signals are relayed via SMAD1 and SMAD5 which promote bone and cartilage development. These pathways are interlinked with other signaling molecules like TGF-beta receptors and BMP receptors governing various biological processes across cellular contexts.\u003cbr\u003e\nSMAD1 SMAD3 and SMAD5 are linked to conditions such as cancer and fibrosis. Dysregulation of the TGF-beta pathway often involving SMAD3 contributes to tumor progression immune evasion and metastasis in cancers like breast and lung cancer. Mutations and overactivity in these pathways can also cause fibrotic diseases with SMAD3 being associated with diseases like systemic sclerosis. The interactions between SMAD proteins and TGF-beta receptors or SMAD4 in these diseases highlight their regulatory influence in pathological states.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Abcam","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46848611057833,"sku":"ab51451","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/products\/abcam-ab51451","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}