CST, 16685SF, Phospho-PLC gamma1 (Ser1248) (D25A9) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (BSA and Azide Free)

Monoclonal Antibody for studying PLCg1 (Ser1248) phosphate. Validated for WB,IHC,IF,F. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, Phospho-PLC gamma1 (Ser1248) (D25A9) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (BSA and Azide Free) (CST #16685) is ready to ship. Product Usage Information This product is the carrier free version of product #8713. All data were generated using the same antibody clone in the standard formulation which contains BSA and glycerol. This formulation is ideal for use with technologies requiring specialized or custom antibody labeling, including fluorophores, metals, lanthanides, and oligonucleotides. It is not recommended for ChIP, ChIP-seq, CUT&RUN or CUT&Tag assays. If you require a carrier free formulation for chromatin profiling, please contact us . Optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user. BSA and Azide Free antibodies are quality control tested by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) to determine antibody integrity. Formulation Supplied in 1X PBS (10 mM Na 2 HPO 4 , 3 mM KCl, 2 mM KH 2 PO 4 , and 140 mM NaCl (pH 7.8)). BSA and Azide Free. For standard formulation of this product see product # 8713 Storage Store at -20°C. This product will freeze at -20°C so it is recommended to aliquot into single-use vials to avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles. A slight precipitate may be present and can be dissolved by gently vortexing. This will not interfere with antibody performance. Specificity / Sensitivity Phospho-PLC gamma1 (Ser1248) (D25A9) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (BSA and Azide Free) recognizes endogenous levels of PLCγ1 protein only when phosphorylated at Ser1248. Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Monkey Source / Purification Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser1248 of human PLCγ1 protein. Background Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PLC) plays a significant role in transmembrane signaling. In response to extracellular stimuli, such as hormones, growth factors, and neurotransmitters, PLC hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP ) to generate two secondary messengers: inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP ) and diacylglycerol (DAG) (1). At least four families of PLCs have been identified: PLCβ, PLCγ, PLCδ, and PLCε. Phosphorylation is one of the key mechanisms that regulate the activity of PLC. PLCγ is activated by both receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases (2). PLCγ forms a complex with EGF and PDGF receptors, which leads to the phosphorylation of PLCγ at Tyr771, 783, and 1248 (3). Phosphorylation by Syk at Tyr783 activates the enzymatic activity of PLCγ1 (4). PLCγ2 is engaged in antigen-dependent signaling in B cells and collagen-dependent signaling in platelets. Phosphorylation by Btk or Lck at Tyr753, 759, 1197, and 1217 is correlated with PLCγ2 activity (5,6). Two mammalian PLCγ isoforms (γ1 and γ2) have been cloned and characterized (7,8). Like other PLC-family members, PLCγ1 and PLCγ2 contain calcium-binding (EF-hand, C2) and lipid-interacting (PH, EF-hand) domains necessary for their enzymatic activity and substrate recognition. Uniquely, PLCγ isoforms have additional, conserved SH2 and SH3 domains critical for their functions as signaling molecules and scaffolding proteins. Upon growth factor stimulation, PLCγ1 is recruited (via SH2 domains) to phosphotyrosine residues within the cytoplasmic tail of many RTKs where it serves as a substrate for the RTK and provides docking sites for additional proteins involved in RTK signaling (4-6,9-12). PLCγ1 and γ2 can also be activated downstream of receptors lacking intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity. This has been reported downstream of multiple G protein-coupled receptors and the T cell receptor in which tyrosine kinases of the Src, Syk, and Tec families serve to bind, phosphorylate, and activate PLCγ (reviewed in 13-15). Phosphorylation at tyrosine residues by both receptor and non-receptor tyrosine kinases results in robust activation of PLCγ1 activity, leading to generation of second messengers. In response to agonists, PLCγ1 is phosphorylated on Tyr783, Tyr711, and Tyr1253 (Tyr753, Tyr759, and Tyr1217 in PLCγ2) resulting in robust PI-4,5-P hydrolysis (4-6,9-12). Interestingly recent evidence suggests a role for tyrosine kinase-independent regulation of PLCγ in some systems. For example, in response to EGF, proline-rich regions of Akt interact with the SH3 domain of PLCγ1 resulting in association of the two enzymes, phosphorylation of PLCγ1 at Ser1248, and enhanced cellular motility (16). This finding demonstrates that PLCγ1 can function as a "scaffold" between RTKs and Akt, thereby establishing a mechanism by which the Akt signaling pathway cross-talks with tyrosine kinases. However, the mechanism and functional significance of phosphorylation at Ser1248 remains to be fully clarified, as it has also been shown that PKA-mediated phosphorylation at this site is inhibitory to PLCγ1 tyrosine phosphorylation and phospholipase activity in CD3-treated Jurkat cells (17), suggesting that Ser1248 may be an allosteric regulator of PLCγ1 activity. Alternate Names 1-phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1; 1-phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma 1; 1-phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-1; inositoltrisphosphohydrolase; monophosphatidylinositol phosphodiesterase; NCKAP3; phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C; phosphoinositidase C; phosphoinositide phospholipase C; Phosphoinositide phospholipase C-gamma-1; phospholipase C gamma 1; phospholipase C-148; Phospholipase C-gamma-1; Phospholipase C-II; phospholipase C, gamma 1; phospholipase C, gamma 1 (formerly subtype 148); PLC-148; PLC-gamma-1; PLC-II; PLC1; PLC148; PLCG1; PLCgamma1; triphosphoinositide phosphodiesterase Specification REACTIVITY: H M Mk SENSITIVITY: Endogenous MW (kDa): 150 Source/Isotype: Rabbit IgG