{"product_id":"cst-2329s","title":"CST,  2329S, Phospho-PAR-4 (Thr163) Antibody","description":"Polyclonal Antibody for studying PAR-4 (Thr163) phosphate. Validated for Western Blotting. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, Phospho-PAR-4 (Thr163) Antibody (CST #2329) is ready to ship.\n\n\u003cb\u003eProduct Usage Information\u003c\/b\u003e\nWestern Blotting: 1:1000\n\u003cb\u003eStorage\u003c\/b\u003e\nSupplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg\/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.\n\u003cb\u003eProtocol\u003c\/b\u003e\nAvailable protocols: Western Blotting\n\u003cb\u003eSpecificity \/ Sensitivity\u003c\/b\u003e\nPhospho-PAR-4 (Thr163) Antibody detects endogenous levels of PAR-4 when phosphorylated at Thr163 (Thr163 corresponds to human sequence and is equivalent to Thr155 in rat and Thr156 in mouse).\nSpecies Reactivity: Human\n\u003cb\u003eSource \/ Purification\u003c\/b\u003e\nPolyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Thr163 of human PAR-4 (Thr155 in rat and Thr156 in mouse). Antibodies were purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.\n\u003cb\u003eBackground\u003c\/b\u003e\nPAR-4 (prostate apoptosis response-4) was identified as a protein that is upregulated in prostate tumor cells undergoing apoptosis (1). Additionally, in parallel studies PAR-4 was found in the yeast two-hybrid system to bind to the Wilms' tumor suppressor protein WT1 and may modulate WT1-medated transcriptional activation (2). PAR-4 contains a leucine zipper domain and a death domain and has been implicated as an effector of apoptosis during tumorigenesis as well as in neurodegenerative disorders (3,4). PAR-4 is widely expressed in normal tissues but can be downregulated in some tumor types. The mechanism of PAR-4 mediated apoptosis regulation appears to be complex and dependent on the cellular context. Studies have indicated roles for PAR-4 in activation of the Fas-FADD-caspase-8 pathway as well as inhibition of the NF-κB pro-survival pathway (5-7). Its activity is likely to depend on the cellular context and post-translational modifications. For instance, phosphorylation of PAR-4 by Akt prevents its nuclear translocation thereby promoting cell surivival (8). In contrast, phoshorylation of rat PAR-4 at T155 by PKA appears to positively regulate its apoptotic activity (9).\n\u003cb\u003eAlternate Names\u003c\/b\u003e\nPar-4; PAR4; PAWR; PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator protein; PRKC, apoptosis, WT1, regulator; pro-apoptotic WT1 regulator; Prostate apoptosis response 4 protein; prostate apoptosis response protein 4; prostate apoptosis response protein PAR-4; prostate apoptosis response-4; transcriptional repressor PAR4; WT1-interacting protein\n\n\u003cb\u003eSpecification\u003c\/b\u003e\n\nREACTIVITY: H\nSENSITIVITY: Endogenous\nMW (kDa): 43\nSOURCE: Rabbit","brand":"CST","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46797665468585,"sku":"2329S","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/products\/cst-2329s","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}