{"product_id":"cst-35875s","title":"CST,  35875S, Phospho-GLI1 (Thr1074) Antibody","description":"Polyclonal Antibody for studying GLI1 (Thr1074) phosphate. Validated for Western Blotting,Immunoprecipitation. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, Phospho-GLI1 (Thr1074) Antibody (CST #35875) is ready to ship.\n\n\u003cb\u003eProduct Usage Information\u003c\/b\u003e\nWestern Blotting: 1:1000\nImmunoprecipitation: 1:50\n\u003cb\u003eStorage\u003c\/b\u003e\nSupplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg\/mL BSA, and 50% glycerol. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.\n\u003cb\u003eProtocol\u003c\/b\u003e\nAvailable protocols: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation\n\u003cb\u003eSpecificity \/ Sensitivity\u003c\/b\u003e\nPhospho-GLI1 (Thr1074) Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of GLI1 protein only when phosphorylated at Thr1074.\nSpecies Reactivity: Human\n\u003cb\u003eSource \/ Purification\u003c\/b\u003e\nPolyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Thr1074 of human GLI1 protein. Antibodies are purified by peptide affinity chromatography.\n\u003cb\u003eBackground\u003c\/b\u003e\nGLI was first identified as a gene amplified in a malignant glioma (1) capable of transforming primary cells in cooperation with adenovirus E1A (2). GLI belongs to the Krüppel family of zinc finger proteins that includes three mammalian GLI proteins: GLI1, GLI2, and GLI3 (3). These GLI proteins are similar to the homolog Cubitus interruptus (Ci) and function as transcription factors activated by the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Hedgehog signaling plays an important role in animal development, and research studies have shown that this pathway is aberrantly activated in many types of cancers (4,5). GLI1 phosphorylation by upstream kinases can control its stability, localization, and transcriptional activity. AMPK phosphorylates GLI1 at three sites, Ser102, Ser408, and Thr1074, increasing GLI1 cytoplasmic localization and targeting it for degradation via the β-TrCP\/SCF E3 ligase pathway (6,7). IKKβ promotes GLI1 stability by phosphorylating it at a cluster of serine residues (Ser543-Ser548) and Thr1071, inhibiting ITCH-mediated ubiquitination (8). MEKK3 phosphorylates GLI1 n-terminus (Ser201, Ser204, Ser243) and c-terminus (Ser968, Thr1074, Ser1078), preventing GLI1 nuclear accumulation, increasing GLI1 association with Hedgehog-regulator SUFU, and inhibiting GLI1 association with target promoters (9).\n\u003cb\u003eAlternate Names\u003c\/b\u003e\nGLI; GLI family zinc finger 1; GLI-Kruppel family member GLI1; GLI1; Glioma-associated oncogene; glioma-associated oncogene 1; glioma-associated oncogene family zinc finger 1; glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (zinc finger protein); Oncogene GLI; PAPA8; PPD1; Zinc finger protein GLI1\n\n\u003cb\u003eSpecification\u003c\/b\u003e\n\nREACTIVITY: H\nSENSITIVITY: Endogenous\nMW (kDa): 160\nSOURCE: Rabbit","brand":"CST","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46799433826473,"sku":"35875S","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/products\/cst-35875s","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}