{"product_id":"cst-3711s","title":"CST,  3711S, TGF-beta Antibody","description":"Polyclonal Antibody for studying TGFB2\/TGFB1\/TGFB3. Validated for Western Blotting. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, TGF-beta Antibody (CST #3711) is ready to ship.\n\n\u003cb\u003eProduct Usage Information\u003c\/b\u003e\nWestern Blotting: 1:1000\n\u003cb\u003eStorage\u003c\/b\u003e\nSupplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg\/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.\n\u003cb\u003eProtocol\u003c\/b\u003e\nAvailable protocols: Western Blotting\n\u003cb\u003eSpecificity \/ Sensitivity\u003c\/b\u003e\nTGF-beta Antibody detects recombinant TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3. This antibody also detects endogenous levels of the TGF-β1 precursor proteins.\nSpecies Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat\n\u003cb\u003eSource \/ Purification\u003c\/b\u003e\nPolyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with synthetic peptide corresponding to a region in the carboxy terminus of TGF-beta1. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.\n\u003cb\u003eBackground\u003c\/b\u003e\nTransforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) proteins belong to the TGF-β superfamily of cytokines that play a critical role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, developmental patterning and morphogenesis, and disease pathogenesis (1-3). TGF-β ligands elicit signaling through three cell surface receptors: type I (RI), type II (RII), and type III (RIII) TGF-β receptors. Type I and type II receptors are serine\/threonine kinases that form a heteromeric complex following ligand binding to the type II receptor. In response to ligand binding, the type II receptors form a stable complex with the type I receptors, triggering phosphorylation and activation of the type I receptor (4). This results in the recruitment of receptor-mediated SMADs (SMAD2, SMAD3), which are phosphorylated by the type I kinase in an SSXS domain in the C-terminus. This leads to recruitment of the co-SMAD (SMAD4), and subsequent translocation of this heteromeric SMAD complex to the nucleus, where it regulates transcription of target genes (5-7). The type III receptor, also known as betaglycan, is a transmembrane proteoglycan with a large extracellular domain that binds TGF-β with high affinity but lacks a cytoplasmic signaling domain. Expression of the type III receptor can regulate TGF-β signaling through presentation of the ligand to the signaling complex (8). There are three TGF-beta family members, designated TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3, which are encoded by distinct genes and are expressed in a tissue specific manner (10). TGF-β proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins that are cleaved and reassembled in association with other proteins to form latent complexes. Activation occurs by proteolytic release of TGF-β monomers, which dimerize to form the mature TGF-β ligands.\n\u003cb\u003eAlternate Names\u003c\/b\u003e\nARVD; ARVD1; BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor; CED; Cetermin; DPD1; FLJ16571; G-TSF; Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor; IBDIMDE; LAP; Latency-associated peptide; LDS4; LDS5; MGC116892; Polyergin; prepro-transforming growth factor beta-1; prepro-transforming growth factor beta-2; prepro-transforming growth factor beta-3; RNHF; TGF beta; TGF-beta 1 protein; TGF-beta-1; TGF-beta-2; TGF-beta-3; TGF-beta1; TGF-beta2; TGF-beta3; TGFB; TGFB1; TGFB2; TGFB3; TGFbeta; transforming growth factor beta 1; transforming growth factor beta 2; transforming growth factor beta 3; Transforming growth factor beta-1; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-2; Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-3; Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein; transforming growth factor beta1; transforming growth factor, beta 1; transforming growth factor, beta 2; transforming growth factor, beta 3\n\n\u003cb\u003eSpecification\u003c\/b\u003e\n\nREACTIVITY: H M R\nSENSITIVITY: Endogenous\nMW (kDa): 12, 25, 45 to 65\nSOURCE: Rabbit","brand":"CST","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46799450669225,"sku":"3711S","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/products\/cst-3711s","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}