{"product_id":"cst-54330s","title":"CST,  54330S, Galectin-9 (D9R4A) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody","description":"Monoclonal Antibody for studying galectin-9. Validated for WB,IHC,IHC,F. Available in 2 sizes. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, Galectin-9 (D9R4A) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (CST #54330) is ready to ship.\n\n\u003cb\u003eProduct Usage Information\u003c\/b\u003e\nWestern Blotting: 1:1000\nIHC Leica Bond: 1:800\nImmunohistochemistry (Paraffin): 1:800\nFlow Cytometry (Fixed\/Permeabilized): 1:1600\n\u003cb\u003eStorage\u003c\/b\u003e\nSupplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg\/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. For a carrier free (BSA and azide free) version of this product see product # 71325 .\n\u003cb\u003eProtocol\u003c\/b\u003e\nAvailable protocols: Western Blotting, IHC Leica Bond, Immunohistochemistry (Paraffin), Flow Cytometry (Fixed\/Permeabilized)\n\u003cb\u003eSpecificity \/ Sensitivity\u003c\/b\u003e\nGalectin-9 (D9R4A) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of total galectin-9 protein.\nSpecies Reactivity: Human\n\u003cb\u003eSource \/ Purification\u003c\/b\u003e\nMonoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with recombinant human galectin-9 protein.\n\u003cb\u003eBackground\u003c\/b\u003e\nGalectins are a family of β-galactose binding proteins that are characterized by an affinity for poly-N-acetyllactosamine-enriched glycoconjugates and a carbohydrate-binding site (1,2). Members of the galectin family have been implicated in a variety of biological functions, including cell adhesion (3), growth regulation (4), cytokine production (5), T-cell apoptosis (6), and immune responses (7). Galectin-9 is induced by proinflammatory stimuli, including IFN-γ, TNF-α, and TLR ligands, and regulates various immune responses through interaction with its ligand TIM-3 (8, 9). Binding of galectin-9 to TIM-3 expressed by Th1 CD4 T cells resulted in T cell death (9). On the other hand, galectin-9 treatment of tumor-bearing mice increased the number of IFN-γ-producing TIM-3+ CD8 T cells and TIM-3+ dendritic cells (10). Transgenic overexpression of either TIM-3 or galectin-9 in mice led to an increase in cells with a myeloid-derived suppressor cell phenotype and inhibition of immune responses (11). CD44 is also proposed to be a receptor for galectin-9, and interaction of galectin-9 with CD44 expressed by induced regulatory T (iTreg) cells enhanced the stability of function of iTreg cells. In addition, galectin-9 was recently demonstrated to bind Dectin-1 expressed by pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma-infiltrating macrophages, resulting in tolerogenic macrophage reprogramming and suppression of anti-tumor immunity. Increased galectin-9 expression has been observed in several cancer types, including lung, liver, breast, and kidney (12). Alternative splicing of the galectin-9 transcript leads to several isoforms (13).\n\u003cb\u003eAlternate Names\u003c\/b\u003e\nEcalectin; Gal-9; galectin 9; Galectin-9; HUAT; lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 9; LEG9; LGALS9; LGALS9A; MGC117375; MGC125973; MGC125974; Tumor antigen HOM-HD-21; urate transporter\/channel protein\n\n\u003cb\u003eSpecification\u003c\/b\u003e\n\nREACTIVITY: H\nSENSITIVITY: Endogenous\nMW (kDa): 9-40\nSource\/Isotype: Rabbit IgG","brand":"CST","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46799808757929,"sku":"54330S","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/products\/cst-54330s","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}