{"product_id":"cst-68776v4","title":"CST,  68776V4, PathScan® RP Total c-Raf Sandwich ELISA Kit","description":"ELISA Kit for studying c-Raf in the research area.\n\n\u003cb\u003eProtocol\u003c\/b\u003e\nAvailable protocols: ELISA+\n\u003cb\u003eSpecificity \/ Sensitivity\u003c\/b\u003e\nThe PathScan\nSpecies Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey\n\u003cb\u003eBackground\u003c\/b\u003e\nA-Raf, B-Raf, and c-Raf (Raf-1) are the main effectors recruited by GTP-bound Ras to activate the MEK-MAP kinase pathway (1). Activation of c-Raf is the best understood and involves phosphorylation at multiple activating sites, including Ser338, Tyr341, Thr491, Ser494, Ser497, and Ser499 (2). p21-activated kinase (PAK) has been shown to phosphorylate c-Raf at Ser338, and the Src family phosphorylates Tyr341 to induce c-Raf activity (3,4). Ser338 of c-Raf corresponds to similar sites in A-Raf (Ser299) and B-Raf (Ser446), although this site is constitutively phosphorylated in B-Raf (5). Inhibitory 14-3-3 binding sites on c-Raf (Ser259 and Ser621) can be phosphorylated by Akt and AMPK, respectively (6,7). While A-Raf, B-Raf, and c-Raf are similar in sequence and function, differential regulation has been observed (8). Of particular interest, B-Raf contains three consensus Akt phosphorylation sites (Ser365, Ser429, and Thr440) and lacks a site equivalent to Tyr341 of c-Raf (8,9). Research studies have shown that the B-Raf mutation V600E results in elevated kinase activity and is commonly found in malignant melanoma (10). Six residues of c-Raf (Ser29, Ser43, Ser289, Ser296, Ser301, and Ser642) become hyperphosphorylated in a manner consistent with c-Raf inactivation. The hyperphosphorylation of these six sites is dependent on downstream MEK signaling and renders c-Raf unresponsive to subsequent activation events (11).\n\u003cb\u003eAlternate Names\u003c\/b\u003e\nc-Raf; C-Raf proto-oncogene, serine\/threonine kinase; CMD1NN; cRaf; NS5; Oncogene RAF1; Proto-oncogene c-RAF; RAF; raf proto-oncogene serine\/threonine protein kinase; RAF proto-oncogene serine\/threonine-protein kinase; Raf-1; Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine\/threonine kinase; RAF1; v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1; v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene-like protein 1\n\n\u003cb\u003eSpecification\u003c\/b\u003e\n\nREACTIVITY: H M R Mk","brand":"CST","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46800622420137,"sku":"68776V4","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/products\/cst-68776v4","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}