{"product_id":"cst-93216s","title":"CST,  93216S, Phospho-Atg14 (Ser29) Matched Antibody Pair","description":"Matched Antibody Pair for studying ATG14 (Ser29) phosphate in the research area.\n\n\u003cb\u003eProduct Usage Information\u003c\/b\u003e\nMatched Antibody Pairs consist of capture and detection antibodies that bind to non-overlapping epitopes. For specific identification of the capture and detection antibodies in this pair, please refer to the data figure caption. Optimal dilutions\/concentrations should be determined by the end user.\n\u003cb\u003eFormulation\u003c\/b\u003e\nSupplied in 1X PBS (10 mM Na 2 HPO 4 , 3 mM KCl, 2 mM KH 2 PO 4 , and 140 mM NaCl (pH 7.8)). BSA and Azide Free.\n\u003cb\u003eStorage\u003c\/b\u003e\nStore at -20ºC. This product will freeze at -20ºC so it is recommended to aliquot into single-use vials to avoid multiple freeze\/thaw cycles . A slight precipitate may be present and can be dissolved by gently vortexing. This will not interfere with antibody performance.\n\u003cb\u003eBackground\u003c\/b\u003e\nAutophagy is a catabolic process for the autophagosomic-lysosomal degradation of bulk cytoplasmic contents (1,2). Autophagy is generally activated by conditions of nutrient deprivation but is also associated with a number of physiological processes including development, differentiation, neurodegeneration, infection, and cancer (3). The molecular machinery of autophagy was largely discovered in yeast and is directed by a number of autophagy-related (Atg) genes. These proteins are involved in the formation of autophagosomes, cytoplasmic vacuoles that are delivered to lysosomes for degradation. The class III type phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) Vps34 regulates vacuolar trafficking and autophagy (4,5). Multiple proteins associate with Vps34, including p105\/Vps15, Beclin-1, UVRAG, Atg14, and Rubicon, to determine Vps34 function (6-12). Atg14 and Rubicon were identified based on their ability to bind to Beclin-1 and participate in unique complexes with opposing functions (9-12). Rubicon, which localizes to the endosome and lysosome, inhibits Vps34 lipid kinase activity; knockdown of Rubicon enhances autophagy and endocytic trafficking (11,12). In contrast, Atg14 localizes to autophagosomes, isolation membranes and ER, and can enhance Vps34 activity. Knockdown of Atg14 inhibits starvation-induced autophagy (11,12). The serine\/threonine kinase ULK1 phosphorylates Atg14 at Ser29 to promote autophagosome formation (13).\n\u003cb\u003eAlternate Names\u003c\/b\u003e\nATG14; ATG14 autophagy related 14 homolog; Atg14L; autophagy related 14; Autophagy-related protein 14-like protein; BAKOR; Barkor; Beclin 1-associated autophagy-related key regulator; Beclin 1-Interacting protein; KIAA0831; MGC126291; MGC126292\n\n\u003cb\u003eSpecification\u003c\/b\u003e\n\nREACTIVITY: H","brand":"CST","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46800326197417,"sku":"93216S","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/products\/cst-93216s","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}