{"product_id":"proteintech-66248-1-ig","title":"Proteintech, 66248-1-Ig, PD-L1\/CD274 Monoclonal antibody","description":"Size: 20ul \/ 150ul\nThe PD-L1\/CD274 (66248-1-Ig) by Proteintech is a Monoclonal antibody targeting PD-L1\/CD274 in WB, IHC, IF\/ICC, IF-P, ELISA applications with reactivity to human, mouse, rat, pig samples\n66248-1-Ig targets PD-L1\/CD274 in WB, IHC, IF\/ICC, IF-P, IP, CoIP, ChIP, ELISA applications and shows reactivity with human, mouse, rat, pig samples.\n\u003cb\u003eTested Applications\u003c\/b\u003e\nPositive WB detected in: A375 cells, human placenta tissue,  pig lung tissue,  human skeletal muscle tissue,  HepG2 cells,  THP-1 cells,  RAW 264.7 cells,  A549 cells,  K-562 cells,  HSC-T6 cells\nPositive IHC detected in: human tonsillitis tissue, human heart tissue,  human lung cancer tissue,  human placenta tissue,  mouse heart tissueNote: suggested antigen retrieval withTE buffer pH 9.0;(*) Alternatively, antigen retrieval may be performed withcitrate buffer pH 6.0\nPositive IF-P detected in: human placenta tissue, mouse thymus tissue\nPositive IF\/ICC detected in: HeLa cells\n\u003cb\u003eRecommended dilution\u003c\/b\u003e\nWestern Blot (WB): WB : 1:2000-1:10000\nImmunohistochemistry (IHC): IHC : 1:5000-1:20000\nImmunofluorescence (IF)-P: IF-P : 1:400-1:1600\nImmunofluorescence (IF)\/ICC: IF\/ICC : 1:50-1:500\n\u003cb\u003eBackground Information\u003c\/b\u003e\nPD-L1, also known as CD274 or B7H1, stands for programmed cell death ligand 1. It is a type I transmembrane protein that is thought to repress immune responses by binding to its receptor (PD1), thus inhibiting T-cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. It contains V-like and C-like immunoglobulin domains. PD-L1 expression is regulated by various cytokines, such as TNF-α or LPS (ISSN: 1848-7718). Increased expression of this protein in certain types of cancers, e.g., renal cell carcinoma or colon cancer, correlates with poor prognosis.What is the molecular weight of PD-L1?Depending on the isoform, the calculated molecular weight of the protein varies between 20 and 33 kDa (176-290 aa).What are the isoforms of PD-L1?According to NCBI, three different isoforms have been identified. There are significant differences in the untranslated and protein coding regions.What is the subcellular localization and tissue specificity of PD-L1?It is predicted to localize in the plasma membrane of various cell types, with a particularly high expression in placental trophoblast and subsets of immune cells. High levels of PD-L1 protein have also been detected in lung and colon tissues.What is the function of PD-L1 in immune responses?PD-L1 is critical for the induction and maintenance of immune self-tolerance during infection or inflammation in normal tissues. The interaction of PD-L1 and its receptors is responsible for preventing auto-immune phenotypes and balancing the overall immune response in situations such as pregnancy or tissue allografts. The interaction between PD-L1 and PD-1 or B7.1 starts an inhibitory signaling cascade, which results in the decreased proliferation of antigen-specific T-cells and increased survival of regulatory T-cells (PMID: 15240681).How can PD-L1's implication in cancer be used as a drug target?In certain tumors, high expression of PD-L1 serves as a stop-sign to inhibit the recognition of cancer cells by T-cells (PMID: 23087408). The interaction between PD-L1 and its receptors (PD1 and B7.1) is a mechanism for the tumor to evade the host immune response (PMID: 29357948). Several mAbs have been developed to target that interaction and thus prevent the inactivation of cytotoxic T-cells by the tumor (PMIDs: 23890059, 18173375).\n\u003cb\u003eSpecification\u003c\/b\u003e\nTested Reactivity: human, mouse, rat, pig\nCited Reactivity: human, mouse, rat, pig\nHost \/ Isotype: Mouse \/ IgG1\nClass: Monoclonal\nType: Antibody\nImmunogen: CatNo: Ag12443 Product name: Recombinant human PD-L1\/CD274 protein Source: e coli. -derived, PET28a Tag: 6*His Domain: 25-241 aa of BC074984 Sequence: KDLYVVEYGSNMTIECKFPVEKQLDLAALIVYWEMEDKNIIQFVHGEEDLKVQHSSYRQRARLLKDQLSLGNAALQITDVKLQDAGVYRCMISYGGADYKRITVKVNAPYNKINQRILVVDPVTSEHELTCQAEGYPKAEVIWTSSDHQVLSGKTTTTNSKREEKLFNVTSTLRINTTTNEIFYCTFRRLDPEENHTAELVIPELPLAHPPNERTHL Predict reactive species\nFull Name: CD274 molecule\nCalculated Molecular Weight: 290 aa, 33 kDa\nObserved Molecular Weight: 45-50 kDa, 33 kDa\nGenBank Accession Number: BC074984\nGene Symbol: PD-L1\nGene ID (NCBI): 29126\nRRID: AB_2756526\nConjugate: Unconjugated\nForm: Liquid\nPurification Method: Protein G purification\nUNIPROT ID: Q9NZQ7\nStorage Buffer: PBS with 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol, pH 7.3.\nStorage Conditions: Store at -20°C. Stable for one year after shipment. Aliquoting is unnecessary for -20 o C storage. 20ul sizes contain 0.1% BSA.","brand":"Proteintech","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46887968243881,"sku":"66248-1-Ig","price":0.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"url":"https:\/\/iright.com\/products\/proteintech-66248-1-ig","provider":"Iright","version":"1.0","type":"link"}