Merck, M0896-10MG, 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride

MPTP shows its effects by causing inflammation, excitotoxicity, mitochondrial apoptosis, formation of inclusion bodies, and oxidative stress that leads to dopaminergic neuronal damage in the striatum and substantia nigra. In dopaminergic neurons, MPTP blocks the mitochondrial complex I which leads to mitochondrial dysfunction.