Abcam, ab35988, Anti-beta subunit Cholera Toxin antibody [2/63]

Size: 200µg
Mouse Monoclonal CHTB antibody. Suitable for ELISA, IHC (PFA fixed) and reacts with Vibrio cholerae samples. Cited in 11 publications.
Key facts
Host species:Mouse,
Clonality:Monoclonal,
Clone number:2/63,
Isotype:IgG1,
Light chain type:kappa,
Carrier free:No,
Reacts with:Vibrio cholerae,
Applications:ELISA, IHC (PFA fixed)See reactivity dataSee the reactivity data table below for information on validated species and application combinations.,
Specificity:ab35988 is reactive with the beta chain of the V. cholerae toxin.

Properties and Storage Information:
Form-Liquid, Purification technique-Affinity purification Protein A, Storage buffer-pH: 7.4Preservative: 0.09% Sodium azideConstituents: PBS, Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Aliquoting information-Upon delivery aliquot, Storage information-Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
The beta subunit of Cholera Toxin also known as Cholera Toxin B or CTB is a part of the cholera toxin complex produced by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. This subunit is non-toxic and forms a pentamer of identical B subunits each with a mass of approximately 11.6 kDa. The beta subunit facilitates the attachment of the toxin to the ganglioside GM1 receptors on the intestinal epithelium where it then enables internalization of the active A subunit into the host cells. CTB is primarily expressed in pathogenic strains of Vibrio cholerae during infection.
Biological function summary
The beta subunit engages in the initial binding steps of cholera toxin to host cells. It plays an important role in the receptor-mediated endocytosis of the whole cholera toxin complex. This binding leads to the translocation of the enzymatically active A subunit into the cytosol where it can then exert its effects. The beta subunit does not act alone but operates as part of the larger cholera toxin complex which is essential for efficient toxin uptake and subsequent pathogenic processes.
Pathways
The beta subunit's function is integral to the cholera toxin pathway which involves uptake and movement of the toxin into the cell. Upon binding to GM1 gangliosides via CTB the cholera toxin gets endocytosed and trafficked to the Golgi and then the endoplasmic reticulum where the A subunit eventually modifies a regulatory G-protein. This alteration leads to an increase in cAMP levels. The pathway heavily relies on the beta subunit's binding affinity for GM1 distinguishing it from other toxins and allows the cholera toxin to utilize the endocytic pathways effectively.
The beta subunit of Cholera Toxin is deeply linked to the infectious disease cholera which is characterized by severe diarrhea and dehydration. While CTB by itself is not toxic its role in facilitating the uptake of the toxic A subunit is central to the pathogenesis of cholera. Disruptions involving proteins like the G-proteins and increased cAMP levels influenced by the cholera toxin pathway lead to altered secretory processes in the intestinal cells that manifest as the symptoms of cholera.