Abcam, ab83066, Anti-Clostridium difficile Toxin B antibody

Size: 100µL
Rabbit Polyclonal Clostridium difficile Toxin B antibody. Suitable for WB and reacts with Clostridium difficile samples. Cited in 4 publications.
Key facts
Host species:Rabbit,
Clonality:Polyclonal,
Isotype:IgG,
Carrier free:No,
Reacts with:Clostridium difficile,
Applications:WBSee reactivity dataSee the reactivity data table below for information on validated species and application combinations.

Properties and Storage Information:
Form-Liquid, Purity-Whole antiserum, Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Aliquoting information-Upon delivery aliquot, Storage information-Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Clostridium difficile Toxin B also known as CD Toxin B or B protein is a potent toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium difficile. It is one of the major virulence factors alongside Toxin A. This protein carries significant weight approximately 270 kDa. It is expressed in the intestinal tract when Clostridium difficile colonizes and proliferates often leading to severe gastrointestinal conditions. The presence of toxins including both Toxin A and Toxin B contributes to the pathogenicity of C. diff infection.
Biological function summary
This toxin exerts its effects by modifying intracellular signaling pathways disrupting tight junctions and leading to cell apoptosis. Toxin B specifically targets the Rho family of GTPases through glucosylation leading to actin cytoskeleton disorganization and subsequent cell rounding and tissue damage. It functions independently but works in conjunction with Toxin A to enhance virulence. As part of its biological role Toxin B proves essential in the pathogenesis of diseases associated with C. diff infection.
Pathways
Research shows Toxin B's involvement in the disruption of the actin cytoskeleton pathway. This pathway alteration results from direct modification of small GTP-binding proteins such as RhoA Rac and Cdc42. Toxin B's activity leads to loss of cell structure and increased cell lysis showcasing how it fits into major cellular integrity pathways. Its interaction with these proteins places it alongside other microbial toxins that manipulate host cell signaling.
Toxin B has a strong association with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) which often manifests as pseudomembranous colitis. CDI presents with symptoms such as severe diarrhea and colonic inflammation. Furthermore Toxin B contributes significantly to the disease severity in comparison to other microbial toxins. While Toxin A also plays a role studies suggest that Toxin B's impact on the intestinal epithelium is more severe marking it as a critical target for therapeutic intervention against CDI.