Biolegend, 719056, Recombinant Mouse APRIL/TNFSF13 (carrier-free), 100μg

APRIL (A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand), also known as TNFSF13, is a member of the TNF superfamily of ligands and stimulates cell proliferation. APRIL shares 30% amino acid sequence identity with BAFF. APRIL is cleaved intracellularly by furin and is believed to exist mainly in a secreted, soluble form. As with most other TNF family members, APRIL exists as a functional homotrimer (total MW = 90 kD). In conjunction with BAFF, APRIL binds cell-surface receptors, BCMA, and TACI to exert T cell-dependent and -independent antibody secretion and B cell differentiation. In addition, APRIL possesses a heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding domain and has been demonstrated to bind to proteoglycans on the cell surface in vitro and in situ. APRIL is a potential biomarker and is most well-known for tumor proliferation effects. For certain cancers, APRIL levels are elevated in serum while for other cancers, higher tissue expression levels of APRIL have been observed. In addition, APRIL is a potential biomarker for certain autoimmune diseases. Recently, recombinant TACI has been brought to clinical trials as a neutralization drug against APRIL and BAFF for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Furthermore, besides forming homotrimers, APRIL can also form functional heterotrimers with BAFF. Although the stoichiometric relationship of the protomeric units is still unclear, it appears that these heterotrimers are significant in that they are elevated in the serum of certain autoimmune patients. APRIL also forms an endogenous chimeric protein with another related protein, TWEAK, effectively called TWE-PRIL. It is believed that TWE-PRIL is membrane-bound and consists of the N-terminus of TWEAK with its transmembrane domain, and the C-terminus of APRIL with its receptor binding domain.
100μg
Source: Recombinant Mouse TNFSF13, amino acid (Ala96-Leu240) (Accession: #NP_001152977.1), with N-terminal HA tag and a linker, was expressed in 293E cells.
Molecular Mass: The 198 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 22.1 kD. The DTT-reduced and non-reduced proteins migrate at 20 - 35 kD by SDS-PAGE, respectively. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Tyr.
Purity: > 95%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE
Formulation: 0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in 20 mM Tris, 500 mM NaCl, pH 8.0
Endotoxin Level: Less than 0.1 EU per µg cytokine as determined by the LAL method
Concentration: 25 µg size is bottled at 200 µg/mL. 100 µg size and larger sizes are lot-specific and bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial. To obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.
Storage & Handling: Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks, at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Activity: Recombinant Mouse TNFSF13 induces the proliferation of mouse B cells in a dose-dependent manner. The ED50 for this effect is 0.25 - 2 ng/mL.
Application: Bioassay
Application Notes: BioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are validated in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at [email protected].
Structure: Trimer
Distribution: T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages
Function: It induces the proliferation of T and B cells, promotes IgA class switching, and downregulates T-cell-dependent antibody responses. It also regulates the growth of a variety of tumor cells.
Interaction: T cells, B cells, cancer cells
Ligand/Receptor: TNFRSF13b (TACI), TNFRSF17 (BCMA)
Bioactivity: Measured by its ability to induce the proliferation of mouse B cells
Cell Type: B cells, Dendritic cells, Macrophages, Monocytes, T cells
Biology Area: Apoptosis/Tumor Suppressors/Cell Death, Cell Biology, Cell Proliferation and Viability, Signal Transduction
Molecular Family: Cytokines/Chemokines, Soluble Receptors
Antigen References: Hymowitz S, et al. 2005. J Biol Chem. 2807218-27. Ingold K, et al. 2005. J Exp Med. 201:1375-83. Good K, et al. 2009. J Immunol. 182:890-901. Bossen C, et al. 2008. Blood. 111:1004-12. Bossen C, et al. 2006. J Biol Chem. 281:13964-71. Pradet-Balade B, et al. 2002. EMBO J. 21:5711-20. Hahne M, et al. 1998. J Exp Med. 188:1185-90 Medema JP, et al. 2003. Cell Death Differ. 10:1121-5. Planelles L, et al. 2007. Haematologica. 92:1284-5. Dillon SR, et al. 2010. Arthritis Res Ther. 12:R48. Wallweber H, et al. 2004. J Mol Biol. 343:283-90. Chen Y, et al. 2011. PLoS ONE. 6:e22202. Roschke V, et al. 2002. J Immunol. 169:4314-21.
Gene ID: 69583
UniProt: View information about APRIL/TNFSF13 on UniProt.org
Regulatory Status: RUO
Other Names: A Proliferation Inducing Ligand (APRIL), TNFSF13, CD256, TALL2, TRDL1
Q: Why choose BioLegend recombinant proteins?
A: • Each lot of product is quality-tested for bioactivity as indicated on the data sheet.
     • Greater than 95% Purity or higher, tested on every lot of product.
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Q: How does the activity of your recombinant proteins compare to competitors?
A: We quality control each and every lot of recombinant protein. Not only do we check its bioactivity, but we also compare it against other commercially available recombinant proteins. We make sure each recombinant protein’s activity is at least as good as or better than the competition’s. In order to provide you with the best possible product, we ensure that our testing process is rigorous and thorough. If you’re curious and eager to make the switch to BioLegend recombinants, contact your sales representative today!
Q: What is the specific activity or ED50 of my recombinant protein?
A: The specific activity range of the protein is indicated on the product datasheets. Because the exact activity values on a per unit basis can largely fluctuate depending on a number of factors, including the nature of the assay, cell density, age of cells/passage number, culture media used, and end user technique, the specific activity is best defined as a range and we guarantee the specific activity of all our lots will be within the range indicated on the datasheet. Please note this only applies to recombinants labeled for use in bioassays. ELISA standard recombinant proteins are not recommended for bioassay usage as they are not tested for these applications.
Q: Have your recombinants been tested for stability?
A: Our testing shows that the recombinant proteins are able to withstand room temperature for a week without losing activity. In addition the recombinant proteins were also found to withstand four cycles of freeze and thaw without losing activity.
Q: Does specific activity of a recombinant protein vary between lots?
A: Specific activity will vary for each lot and for the type of experiment that is done to validate it, but all passed lots will have activity within the established ED50 range for the product and we guarantee that our products will have lot-to-lot consistency. Please conduct an experiment-specific validation to find the optimal ED50 for your system.
Q: How do you convert activity as an ED50 in ng/ml to a specific activity in Units/mg?
A: Use formula Specific activity (Units/mg) = 10^6/ ED50 (ng/mL)