Biolegend, 792406, Recombinant Human Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) (carrier-free), 100μg

Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the IL-6 cytokine family, which includes IL-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM), cardiotrophin-like cytokine (CLC), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and neuropoietin (NP). Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a secreted protein; nevertheless, it does not have a signal peptide. Human CT-1 possesses 201 amino acids and it is 80% identical to the mouse protein. It is conserved in chimpanzees, Rhesus monkeys, dogs, cows, mice, rats, and humans. Human and mouse CT-1 bind to the heterodimer formed of LIFR and gp130 on both human and mouse cell lines. Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) plays a major role in cardiac, neurological, and liver biology (it is able to induce the liver acute phase response). CT-1 stimulates expression of endothelin-1, a vasocontricting peptide, in vascular endothelial cells, and it is present in human atherosclerotic plaques. CT-1 enhances monocyte adhesion and migration by stimulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and CCL2 on human aortic endothelial cells. CT-1 plasma levels are elevated in patients with hypertensive heart disease, aortic stenosis, coronary artery disease, and dilated cardiomyopathy. Plasma CTF-1 is a biomarker for hypertension and cardiovascular risk associated with diabetes.
100μg
Source: Human cardiotrophin, amino acid (Ser2 - Ala201 ) (Accession: # Q16619) was expressed in E. coli.
Molecular Mass: The 200 amino acid recombinant protein has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 21 kD. The DTT-reduced and non-reduced protein migrates at approximately 20 kD by SDS-PAGE. The predicted N-terminal amino acid is Ser.
Purity: > 95%, as determined by Coomassie stained SDS-PAGE
Formulation: 0.22 µm filtered protein solution is in < 30% ACN and 0.1% TFA.
Endotoxin Level: Less than 0.1 EU per µg cytokine as determined by the LAL method
Concentration: 10 and 25 µg sizes are bottled at 200 µg/mL. 100 µg size and larger sizes are lot-specific and bottled at the concentration indicated on the vial. To obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.
Storage & Handling: Unopened vial can be stored between 2°C and 8°C for up to 2 weeks at -20°C for up to six months, or at -70°C or colder until the expiration date. For maximum results, quick spin vial prior to opening. The protein can be aliquoted and stored at -20°C or colder. Stock solutions can also be prepared at 50 - 100 µg/mL in appropriate sterile buffer, carrier protein such as 0.2 - 1% BSA or HSA can be added when preparing the stock solution. Aliquots can be stored between 2ᵒC and 8°C for up to one week and stored at -20°C or colder for up to 3 months. Avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
Activity: Human cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) induces the proliferation of TF-1 human erythroleukemia cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.5 - 2 ng/mL.
Application: Bioassay
Application Notes: BioLegend carrier-free recombinant proteins provided in liquid format are shipped on blue-ice. Our comparison testing data indicates that when handled and stored as recommended, the liquid format has equal or better stability and shelf-life compared to commercially available lyophilized proteins after reconstitution. Our liquid proteins are validated in-house to maintain activity after shipping on blue ice and are backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee. If you have any concerns, contact us at [email protected].
Structure: Monomer
Distribution: Cardiac myocytes, cardiac fibroblasts, vascular endothelium, adipocytes, osteoclasts, macrophages.
Function: CT-1 induces cardiomyogenesis, cardiomyocyte growth and survival, vascular remodeling of the heart, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. It is induced by hypoxia inducible factor-1, hypoxia, angiotensin II, aldosterone, insulin, glucose, reactive oxygen species, and hypertension.
Interaction: Cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and embryonic stem cells
Ligand/Receptor: Heterodimer receptor formed by leukemia inhibitory factor receptor beta (LIFR) and gp130.
Bioactivity: Human cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) induces the proliferation of TF-1 human erythroleukemia cells.
Antigen References: 1. Pennica D, et al. 1995. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 92:1142. 2. Ateghang B, et al. 2006. J. Cell Sci. 119:1043. 3. Ichiki T, et al. 2008. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 294:H750 4. Monserrat L, et al. 2011. Eur. Heart J. 32:177. 5. Robador PA, et al. 2011. Cardiovasc. Res. 92:247. 6. Gamella-Pozuelo L, et al. 2015. Medicine 94: e1218. 7. Abdul-Ghani MA, et al. 2017. Cell Res. 27:1195.
Gene ID: 1489
UniProt: View information about Cardiotrophin-1 on UniProt.org
Regulatory Status: RUO
Other Names: CTF-1, CTF1, CT1, CT-1, Cardiophin 1, Cardiotrophin 1
Q: Why choose BioLegend recombinant proteins?
A: • Each lot of product is quality-tested for bioactivity as indicated on the data sheet.
     • Greater than 95% Purity or higher, tested on every lot of product.
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Q: How does the activity of your recombinant proteins compare to competitors?
A: We quality control each and every lot of recombinant protein. Not only do we check its bioactivity, but we also compare it against other commercially available recombinant proteins. We make sure each recombinant protein’s activity is at least as good as or better than the competition’s. In order to provide you with the best possible product, we ensure that our testing process is rigorous and thorough. If you’re curious and eager to make the switch to BioLegend recombinants, contact your sales representative today!
Q: What is the specific activity or ED50 of my recombinant protein?
A: The specific activity range of the protein is indicated on the product datasheets. Because the exact activity values on a per unit basis can largely fluctuate depending on a number of factors, including the nature of the assay, cell density, age of cells/passage number, culture media used, and end user technique, the specific activity is best defined as a range and we guarantee the specific activity of all our lots will be within the range indicated on the datasheet. Please note this only applies to recombinants labeled for use in bioassays. ELISA standard recombinant proteins are not recommended for bioassay usage as they are not tested for these applications.
Q: Have your recombinants been tested for stability?
A: Our testing shows that the recombinant proteins are able to withstand room temperature for a week without losing activity. In addition the recombinant proteins were also found to withstand four cycles of freeze and thaw without losing activity.
Q: Does specific activity of a recombinant protein vary between lots?
A: Specific activity will vary for each lot and for the type of experiment that is done to validate it, but all passed lots will have activity within the established ED50 range for the product and we guarantee that our products will have lot-to-lot consistency. Please conduct an experiment-specific validation to find the optimal ED50 for your system.
Q: How do you convert activity as an ED50 in ng/ml to a specific activity in Units/mg?
A: Use formula Specific activity (Units/mg) = 10^6/ ED50 (ng/mL)