Biolegend, 328208, PE anti-human CD39 Antibody, 100tests

Human CD39 is an integral membrane protein with two transmembrane domains. It exists as a homotetramer. Expression of CD39 is found on activated lymphocytes, a subset of T cells and B cells, and dendritic cells with weak staining on monocytes and granulocytes. CD39 and CD73 have been found on regulatory T cells, specifically the effector/memory like T cells. CD39 can hydrolyze both nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. CD39 is the dominant ecto nucleotidase of vascular and placental trophoblastic tissues and appears to modulate the functional expression of type 2 purinergic (P2) G protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). CD39 has intrinsic ecto-ATPase activity. Expression of CD39 is induced on T cells and increased on B cells as a late activation antigen.
100tests
Verified Reactivity: Human, Cynomolgus, Rhesus
Antibody Type: Monoclonal
Host Species: Mouse
Immunogen: PHA activated human lymphocytes
Formulation: Phosphate-buffered solution, pH 7.2, containing 0.09% sodium azide and BSA (origin USA)
Preparation: The antibody was purified by affinity chromatography, and conjugated with PE under optimal conditions.
Concentration: Lot-specific (to obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.)
Storage & Handling: The antibody solution should be stored undiluted between 2°C and 8°C, and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Application: FC - Quality tested SB - Reported in the literature, not verified in house
Recommended Usage: Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by immunofluorescent staining with flow cytometric analysis. For flow cytometric staining, the suggested use of this reagent is 5 µl per million cells in 100 µl staining volume or 5 µl per 100 µl of whole blood.
Excitation Laser: Blue Laser (488 nm)Green Laser (532 nm)/Yellow-Green Laser (561 nm)
Application Notes: The A1 antibody binds to the human CD39 cell surface antigen and has been shown to block MHC independent target cell recognition by hapten-specific CTL. Additional reported applications (for the relevant formats) include: in vitro CD39 blockade3, immunofluorescence4, immunohistochemistry6, and spatial biology (IBEX)7,8. The Ultra-LEAF™ purified antibody (Endotoxin < 0.01 EU/µg, Azide-Free, 0.2 µm filtered) is recommended for blocking assays (contact our custom solutions team).
Additional Product Notes: Iterative Bleaching Extended multi-pleXity (IBEX) is a fluorescent imaging technique capable of highly-multiplexed spatial analysis. The method relies on cyclical bleaching of panels of fluorescent antibodies in order to image and analyze many markers over multiple cycles of staining, imaging, and, bleaching. It is a community-developed open-access method developed by the Center for Advanced Tissue Imaging (CAT-I) in the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID, NIH).
Application References(PubMed link indicates BioLegend citation): Aversa GG, et al. 1988. Transplant. P. 20:4952. Aversa GG, et al. 1989. Transplant. P. 21:34950. Borsellino G, et al. 2007. Blood. 110:1225. (Block) Stockl J, et al. 2001. J. Immunol. 167:2724. (IF) Sestak K, et al. 2007. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 119:21. Lyck L, et al. 2008. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 56:201. (IHC) Radtke AJ, et al. 2020. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 117:33455-33465. (SB) PubMed Radtke AJ, et al. 2022. Nat Protoc. 17:378-401. (SB) PubMed
Product Citations: Xue G, et al. 2021. Cancer Cell. 39:1610. PubMed Giles JR, et al. 2022. Immunity. 55:557. PubMed Boer M, et al. 2015. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 22: 778 - 788. PubMed Man L, et al. 2020. Cell Reports. 32(6):108027. PubMed Zhan Y, et al. 2021. JCI Insight. 6:. PubMed Carnevale J, et al. 2022. Nature. 609:174. PubMed Wu L, et al. 2018. Oncol Lett. 15:9507. PubMed Pagel J, et al. 2020. Front Immunol. 11:565257. PubMed Wang J, et al. 2019. Oncol Lett. 4.948611111. PubMed Leng T, et al. 2019. Cell Rep. 28:3077. PubMed Panigrahi S, et al. 2020. Eur J Immunol. 50:2055. PubMed
RRID: AB_940427 (BioLegend Cat. No. 328207) AB_940429 (BioLegend Cat. No. 328208)
Distribution: Activated lymphocytes, and also on a subset of T cells, regulatory T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells.
Cell Type: B cells, Dendritic cells, Lymphocytes, T cells, Tregs
Biology Area: Immunology
Molecular Family: CD Molecules
Gene ID: 953
UniProt: View information about CD39 on UniProt.org
Clone: A1
Regulatory Status: RUO
Workshop: HCDM listed
Other Names: gp80, E-ATPDase, NTPDase-1, ecto-apyrase, Ec3.6.1.5
Isotype: Mouse IgG1, κ
Q: What type of PE do you use in your conjugates?
A: We use R-PE in our conjugates.
Q: If an antibody clone has been previously successfully used in IBEX in one fluorescent format, will other antibody formats work as well?
A: It’s likely that other fluorophore conjugates to the same antibody clone will also be compatible with IBEX using the same sample fixation procedure. Ultimately a directly conjugated antibody’s utility in fluorescent imaging and IBEX may be specific to the sample and microscope being used in the experiment. Some antibody clone conjugates may perform better than others due to performance differences in non-specific binding, fluorophore brightness, and other biochemical properties unique to that conjugate.
Q: Will antibodies my lab is already using for fluorescent or chromogenic IHC work in IBEX?
A: Fundamentally, IBEX as a technique that works much in the same way as single antibody panels or single marker IF/IHC. If you’re already successfully using an antibody clone on a sample of interest, it is likely that clone will have utility in IBEX. It is expected some optimization and testing of different antibody fluorophore conjugates will be required to find a suitable format; however, legacy microscopy techniques like chromogenic IHC on fixed or frozen tissue is an excellent place to start looking for useful antibodies.
Q: Are other fluorophores compatible with IBEX?
A: Over 18 fluorescent formats have been screened for use in IBEX, however, it is likely that other fluorophores are able to be rapidly bleached in IBEX. If a fluorophore format is already suitable for your imaging platform it can be tested for compatibility in IBEX.
Q: The same antibody works in one tissue type but not another. What is happening?
A: Differences in tissue properties may impact both the ability of an antibody to bind its target specifically and impact the ability of a specific fluorophore conjugate to overcome the background fluorescent signal in a given tissue. Secondary stains, as well as testing multiple fluorescent conjugates of the same clone, may help to troubleshoot challenging targets or tissues. Using a reference control tissue may also give confidence in the specificity of your staining.
Q: How can I be sure the staining I’m seeing in my tissue is real?
A: In general, best practices for validating an antibody in traditional chromogenic or fluorescent IHC are applicable to IBEX. Please reference the Nature Methods review on antibody based multiplexed imaging for resources on validating antibodies for IBEX.