Abcam, ab133033, Human Gastrin I ELISA Kit (GAST)

Size: 1 x 96Tests
Human Gastrin I ELISA Kit (GAST) is a Competitive ELISA for the measurement of Human Gastrin I (GAST) in Human in Biofluids, Cell Culture Media samples.
Key facts
Detection method:Colorimetric,
Sample types:Plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Serum,
Reacts with:Human,
Assay type:Competitive,
Sensitivity:= 7.27 pg/mL,
Range:39.1 - 10000 pg/mL,
Assay time:5h,
Assay Platform:Microplate

Product details:
Abcam's Gastrin 1 (GAST)
in vitro
competitive ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kit is designed for the accurate quantitative measurement of Gastrin 1 (GAST) in tissue culture media, Human serum and Plasma (citrate).
A goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody has been precoated onto 96-well plates. Standards or test samples are added to the wells, along with an alkaline phosphatase (AP) conjugated-Gastrin 1 antigen and a polyclonal rabbit antibody specific to Gastrin 1. After incubation the excess reagents are washed away. pNpp substrate is added and catalyzed by AP to produce a yellow color. The optical density of the yellow coloration at 405 nm is inversely proportional to the amount of Gastrin 1 captured in the plate.
Gastrins are a family of sequence-related carboxyamidated peptides produced by endocrine G Cells of the antrum mucosa in response to a number of stimuli associated with digestion. Antral distension, partially digested proteins, amino acids, and vagal stimulation resulting from smelling, tasting, chewing or swallowing food all contribute to gastrin release from G Cell storage. In addition, caffeine, alcohol, hypoglycemia, antacids and elevated calcium levels will also stimulate gastrin release. Increased serum gastrin levels are associated with duodenal ulcers,
Helicobacter pylori
infections, colorectal carcinomas, and other tumors and cancerous lesions. Gastrin is the most potent stimulator of gastric acid secretion.
Gastrin-I (G17): H2N-Glu-Gly-Pro-Trp-Leu-Glu-Glu-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2
Gastrin is synthesized as a 101 residue pre-pro-peptide on the rough endoplasmic reticulum, then post-translationally modified by cleavage and alpha-amidation to result in the active forms G34, G17 and G13/14; Big, Little and Mini-Gastrins respectively. Other forms also exist, but are not considered biologically significant. There are two types of G17 and G34, type II is sulfated at the tyrosine12 residue, while type I is not. Both G34 and G17 circulate and contribute to the stimulation of gastric acid secretion, but have different clearance rates. In man, G17 has a circulating half-life of about 9 minutes while G34 has a half-life of about 35 minutes.
G34 is the major circulating gastrin in fasting serum, but with G17, increases two to three-fold after feeding until both are present in approximately equal amounts. Fasting gastrin concentration is usually less than 30 pmol/l (equivalent to 62.9 pg/ml) while patients with Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome and gastrinomas have levels exceeding 1,000 pg/ml.
Cross Reactivity
Compound
% Cross Reactivity
Human Gastrin I (G17-I)
Minigastrin (G13-I)
Rat Gastrin I
Gastrin II (G17-II, sulfated)
Cholecystokinin 26-33 (CCK-8)
Gastrin Tetrapeptide (CCK-4)
Big Gastrin (G34-I)
Gastrin Releasing Peptide (GRP)
<0.001

Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-+4°C, Storage information-+4°C

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Gastrin I commonly known simply as gastrin is a peptide hormone significant for stimulating gastric acid secretion. It consists of 17 amino acids with a molecular mass of about 2 kDa. Gastrin is produced mainly in the G cells of the stomach and duodenum. It often exists in several active forms collectively referred to as gastrins with the most active being gastrin I and gastrin II. The hormone also regulates the growth of the gastric mucosa and can be measured using gastrin ELISA kits for research or diagnostic purposes.
Biological function summary
Gastrin plays an essential role in the digestive system by modulating acid secretion in the stomach. It acts by binding to the cholecystokinin B (CCK-B) receptors on the gastric parietal cells. This binding stimulates the release of histamine from enterochromaffin-like cells which in turn activates gastric acid secretion. Gastrin does not function as part of a protein complex but interacts dynamically with other molecules to exert its effects on acid production and gastric cells proliferation.
Pathways
Gastrin significantly influences digestive and signaling pathways notably the gastrin-Cck-B receptor pathway and the MAPK/ERK pathway. Through these pathways gastrin regulates digestive enzyme secretion and cell growth. It works closely with histamine and somatostatin to maintain acid balance in the stomach.
An imbalance of gastrin levels implicates in certain gastrointestinal diseases such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome and gastritis. Excessive gastrin can lead to hypergastrinemia causing ulcers and sometimes gastric cancer. This hormone's dysregulation interacts significantly with proteins involved in these conditions such as the CCK-B receptor highlighting its role in pathophysiology.