Abcam, ab141234, Flutamide, Androgen receptor antagonist

Size: 1g / 5g
MW 276.21 Da, Purity >99%. Non-steroidal, competitive androgen receptor antagonist. Limits the uptake of testosterone by the prostate.
Key facts
CAS number:13311-84-7,
Purity:>99%,
Form:SolidSee storage information,
Molecular weight:276.21 Da,
Molecular formula:C11H11F3N2O3,
PubChem:3397,
Nature:Synthetic,
Solubility:Soluble in DMSO to 100 mMSoluble in ethanol to 100 mM,
Biochemical name:Flutamide,
Biological description:Non-steroidal, competitive androgen receptor antagonist. Limits the uptake of testosterone by the prostate.,
Canonical smiles:CC(C)C(=O)NC1=CC(=C(C=C1)[N+](=O)[O-])C(F)(F)F,
InChi:InChI=1S/C11H11F3N2O3/c1-6(2)10(17)15-7-3-4-9(16(18)19)8(5-7)11(12,13)14/h3-6H,1-2H3,(H,15,17),
InChiKey:MKXKFYHWDHIYRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N,
IUPAC Name:2-methyl-N-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanamide

Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Ambient - Can Ship with Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-Ambient, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-Ambient, Storage information-The product can be stored for up to 12 months

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
The proteins listed contain several receptors and channels with key functions in cellular signaling and ion transport. For example the progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor are nuclear hormone receptors that mediate the effects of their respective steroid hormones and they often present in reproductive tissues. The Gli3 transcription factor regulates gene expression in response to Hedgehog signaling. The Maxi Potassium channel alpha (also known as SLO) and its beta subunits (KCNMB1 KCNMB2 and KCNMB4) facilitate the movement of potassium ions across cell membranes which is critical in controlling cellular excitability. TDP1 a DNA repair enzyme plays a role in fixing topoisomerase I-induced DNA damage. The androgen receptor a target for flutamide is vital for mediating the effects of androgens in various tissues including prostate cells. Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha and its heterodimer partner Retinoid X Receptor alpha (RXRA) regulate gene transcription in response to retinoic acid. KCNMB4 and the LRRC26 are auxiliary subunits modulating large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels.
Biological function summary
These proteins coordinate essential functions such as gene regulation ion transport and metabolic pathways. The estrogen related receptor alpha influences metabolic regulation and energy balance while the ROR gamma receptor involves in immune response and circadian rhythm. Maxi Potassium channels modulate muscle contraction neurotransmitter release and vascular tone. Notably aromatase an enzyme converts androgens into estrogens impacting reproductive physiology. The PXR (pregnane X receptor) and RXRA complex manages the detoxification of xenobiotics in the liver.
Pathways
Many targets participate in important signaling and metabolic pathways. The Hedgehog signaling pathway requires Gli3 for proper developmental signaling. The Wnt signaling pathway can interact with the retinoic acid receptors impacting cell fate decisions and growth. Ion channels such as Maxi Potassium channels integrate into pathways that regulate muscle excitability and neuronal action potentials. The serotonin receptor 5HT6 plays a role in neurotransmitter pathways affecting cognitive functions.
These proteins have implications in cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Estrogen and progesterone receptors are well-known in breast cancer pathogenesis with the androgen receptor linked to prostate cancer development; antagonists like flutamide aim to inhibit receptor activity. Moreover mutations or dysregulation of channels like Maxi Potassium may result in conditions such as atrial fibrillation. Aromatase overactivity links to estrogen-dependent cancers while abnormalities in retinoic acid signaling involving RXRA relate to leukemia. The ROR gamma receptor might contribute to autoimmune diseases and its modulation presents therapeutic potential.