Abcam, ab181421, Human TNF alpha ELISA Kit

Size: 1 x 96Tests / 1 x 384Tests / 10 x 96Tests
Human TNF alpha ELISA kit is a single-wash 90-min SimpleStep ELISA® used to quantify Human TNFα with a sensitivity of 4.32 pg/mL. The assay uses a simple Mix-Wash-Read protocol with just one incubation and wash step. - Colorimetric assay - 450nm readout; works on any plate reader - Different formats for different needs: 10x 96-well plates for bulk orders and 384-well for higher throughput - Broad sample compatibility – works with CSF, serum, plasma, cell culture supernatants, and other biological fluids - Cited in over 250 publications
Key facts
Detection method:Colorimetric,
Sample types:Cerebral Spinal Fluid, Heparin Plasma, Citrate plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Serum, EDTA Plasma,
Reacts with:Human,
Assay type:Sandwich (quantitative),
Sensitivity:= 4.32 pg/mL,
Range:15.63 - 1000 pg/mL,
Assay time:1h 30m,
Assay Platform:Microplate

Product details:
Human TNF alpha ELISA Kit ab181421 is a rapid single-wash 90-min ELISA kit to measure Human TNF alpha in cerebral spinal fluid, cell culture supernatant, serum and plasma. This SimpleStep ELISA® sensitivity is 4.32 pg/mL.
How the assay works
Human TNF alpha SimpleStep ELISA® employs capture antibodies conjugated to an affinity tag that is recognized by the monoclonal antibody used to coat our SimpleStep ELISA® plates. This approach to sandwich ELISA allows the formation of the antibody-analyte sandwich complex in a single step, significantly reducing assay time. See the SimpleStep ELISA® protocol summary in the image section for further details.
Assay Specificity
This kit recognizes both native and recombinant human TNF alpha protein in serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatant samples only.
Human TNF alpha ELISA Kit ab181421 protocol summary:
1. Mix: add samples/standards to the wells together with the capture and detector antibody cocktail. Incubate for 1 hr at room temperature
2. Wash
3. Add TMB development solution - incubate for 10 min
4. Add stop solution
5. Read the results on a plate reader at 450nm
How other researchers are using Human TNF alpha ELISA Kit ab181421
Human TNF alpha ELISA Kit ab181421 has been used to assess inflammation in different physio-pathological contexts such as obesity
, coronary artery disease
, and rheumatoid arthritis
References:
Shaohong Yu et al. 2023, PMID: 38156278,
Yongshun Wang et al. 2023, PMID: 38054817,
Yaju Tan et al. 2024, PMID: 37997635
Save your precious samples
Our 384-well Human TNF alpha ELISA Kit only requires a maxmum of 12.5µL
Design your own immunoassay
We offer the antibody pair used in this kit in a BSA and Azide-free format, ready for conjugation
- Human/Monkey TNF alpha Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free
ab241791
- Anti-TNF alpha antibody [EPR18565-29] - BSA and Azide free (Capture)
ab242476
- Anti-TNF alpha antibody [EPR18565-33] - BSA and Azide free (Detector)
ab242978
Related and recommended products
Human TNF alpha ELISA kit ab181421 is commonly used to measure TNF alpha as a marker of inflammation.
Other ELISA kits to measure inflammatory markers include:
- Human IL-6 ELISA kit
ab178013
- Human IL-8 ELISA kit
ab214030
- Human IL-1 beta ELISA kit
ab214025
TNF-alpha, also known as cachectin or TNFSF1A, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily which plays a central role in inflammation, apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and morphogenesis. It is expressed on macrophages, endothelial, epithelial and tumor cells as a 26kDa transmembrane protein. TNF-alpha is cleaved by proteolytic processing into six chains: (1) TNF membrane form, (2) Intracellular domain 1, (3) Intracellular domain 2, (4) C-domain 1, (5) C-domain 2 and (6) TNF soluble form. Signaling from TNF-alpha differs depending on the type of ligand initiating the signaling event (intracellular, membrane or soluble). As an example, the membrane form of TNF-alpha appears to mediate anti-tumorigenic therapeutic responses whereas the soluble ligand is linked to inflammation and proliferation.

Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-+4°C, Storage information-+4°C

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) also known as TNF-a is a cytokine with a molecular weight of approximately 17 kDa. This protein is expressed mainly by macrophages though other cells like T-cells and natural killer cells also produce it. TNF alpha helps in regulating immune responses and inflammatory reactions. Its expression is important in triggering cell apoptosis and modulating immune cell activities. TNF alpha exists in membrane-bound and soluble forms both having biologic activity.
Biological function summary
TNF alpha acts as an important regulator of inflammatory and immune responses. It is not part of a complex but interacts with TNF receptors to activate various signaling cascades. TNF alpha promotes leukocyte recruitment to sites of infection or injury by enhancing adhesion molecule expression on endothelial cells. Additionally it induces the production of other pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and IL-1 amplifying the immune response. Researchers often measure TNF alpha levels in samples using methods like ELISA or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and develop specific antibodies like anti-TNF alpha for experimental and therapeutic purposes.
Pathways
TNF alpha participates in the NF-kB and MAPK pathways significant for mediating inflammatory and immune responses. In the NF-kB pathway TNF alpha activates transcription factors that control the expression of genes involved in inflammation and cell survival. TNF alpha also interacts with proteins such as the TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) and receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) further relaying signals within these pathways. There is extensive research employing animal models using mouse TNF-alpha and anti-TNF reagents to dissect these pathways’ intricacies.
TNF alpha substantially affects conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease both characterized by chronic inflammation. Elevated levels of TNF alpha drive the inflammatory processes central to these diseases leading to tissue damage. Other proteins like IL-6 also play critical roles in these disorders and together with TNF alpha create a pro-inflammatory environment. Therapeutic agents such as anti-TNF treatments aim to mitigate these effects by specifically targeting TNF alpha activity.