Abcam, ab243073, Anti-HEL antibody [5E8]

Size: 100µg
Mouse Monoclonal HEL antibody. Suitable for WB, Flow Cyt and reacts with Chemical samples. Cited in 1 publication. Immunogen corresponding to Chemical / Small Molecule corresponding to HEL.
Key facts
Host species:Mouse,
Clonality:Monoclonal,
Clone number:5E8,
Isotype:IgG1,
Carrier free:No,
Applications:Flow Cyt, WBSee reactivity dataSee the reactivity data table below for information on validated species and application combinations.,
Specificity:Specific for Hexanoyl-Lysine adduct (HEL) modified peptides & proteins. Does not detect free HEL. Does not X-react with Acrolein, Crotonaldehyde, 4-HHE, 4-HNE, MDA, or MGO modified proteins.

Properties and Storage Information:
Form-Liquid, Purification technique-Affinity purification Protein G, Purification notes-Purified from TCS., Storage buffer-Preservative: 0.09% Sodium azideConstituents: PBS, 50% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage duration-1-2 weeks, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Aliquoting information-Upon delivery aliquot, Storage information-Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
HEL or hen egg white lysozyme is an enzyme that cleaves the glycosidic linkages in the polysaccharides of bacterial cell walls. This enzyme has a known mass of approximately 14 kDa. You can find HEL expressed in various tissues primarily within the egg whites of birds. There are several forms of HEL including HEL full form which refers to its complete structure used in studies assessing enzyme-substrate interactions. Researchers often use anti-HEL antibodies to track HEL activity or in assays like 30 minutes of HEL which can indicate enzyme activity within a specific time frame.
Biological function summary
HEL plays an important role in innate immune defense by degrading peptidoglycan components of bacterial cell membranes. It does not function within a larger protein complex but possesses its antimicrobial activity independently. Typically found in saliva tears and mucus HEL contributes to the first line of defense against bacterial invasion. HEL's antimicrobial property also positions it as an influential protein for studies concerning bacterial resistance and immune response in higher organisms.
Pathways
HEL participates mainly in the defense mechanism pathways including the peptidoglycan degradation pathway. This pathway which involves breaking down bacterial cell walls links HEL intimately with proteins like N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase. While HEL acts alone in its enzymatic activity it complements actions of other antimicrobial proteins to form a robust defense network. Connections between HEL's role and other pathways may provide insights into broader immune responses but these remain a focused area for study.
HEL is particularly connected to infectious diseases linked with bacterial pathogens such as bacterial conjunctivitis. In such cases HEL activity correlates with proteins involved in local immune responses including lysozyme C. Though HEL's direct connection to non-infectious disorders remains less explored its application in disease models serves as a stepping stone for understanding other disorders. Paying attention to HEL and associated pathways through anti-HEL and anti-lysozyme antibodies can lend more understanding in pathological studies focused on bacterial infections.