Abcam, ab251492, Anti-PDK1 + PDK2 + PDK4 antibody [EPR19727] - BSA and Azide free

Size: 100µg / 1mg
Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal PDK4 antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for IP, WB and reacts with Mouse, Rat, Human, Recombinant fragment - Mouse samples.
Key facts
Host species:Rabbit,
Clonality:Monoclonal,
Clone number:EPR19727,
Isotype:IgG,
Carrier free:Yes,
Reacts with:Mouse, Rat, Human,
Applications:WB, IPSee reactivity dataSee the reactivity data table below for information on validated species and application combinations.,
Immunogen:The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Product details:
ab251492 is the carrier-free version of
ab208187
Patented technology
Our RabMAb
technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to
RabMAb® patents
What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody?
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
- High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
- Improved sensitivity and specificity
- Long-term security of supply
- Animal-free batch production
For more information, read more on
recombinant antibodies
Conjugation ready
Our carrier-free antibodies are typically supplied in a PBS-only formulation, purified and free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol. This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications.
Use our
conjugation kits
for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with 1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.
Compatibility
This product is compatible with the Maxpar
Antibody Labeling Kit from Fluidigm, without the need for antibody preparation. Maxpar
is a trademark of Fluidigm Canada Inc.

Properties and Storage Information:
Form-Liquid, Purification technique-Affinity purification Protein A, Storage buffer-pH: 7.2 - 7.4Constituents: PBS, Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-+4°C, Storage information-Do Not Freeze

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
The protein targets PDK1 PDK2 and PDK4 short for pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 2 and 4 are enzymes that regulate the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) by phosphorylation inhibiting its enzymatic function. PDK1 has a mass of approximately 49 kDa PDK2 about 46 kDa and PDK4 around 48 kDa. These kinases are expressed in various tissues with PDK2 showing expression in heart pancreas and kidney while PDK4 expression is more observed in skeletal muscle and liver. PDK1 is ubiquitously expressed.
Biological function summary
These kinases play key roles in controlling cellular metabolism by inhibiting the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA a critical step linking glycolysis to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Acting separately but in functionally similar ways to each other PDK1 PDK2 and PDK4 help regulate energy homeostasis and preserve glucose during starvation or limited oxygen supply. These kinases are also part of larger complexes and interact with the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and molecules like NADH and acetyl-CoA that further modulate their activity.
Pathways
PDK1 PDK2 and PDK4 are integral to the metabolic pathways that control glucose metabolism and TCA cycle by modulating pyruvate dehydrogenase complex activity. These kinases interact with signaling pathways in response to hormonal and nutrient signals adapting the body's energy metabolism under varying conditions. The insulin signaling pathway and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway significantly influence their activity. Insulin signaling decreases the activity of PDK leading to an increase in pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and therefore in glucose oxidation. Meanwhile HIF pathway activation in low oxygen conditions upregulates PDKs to promote anaerobic metabolism.
The dysregulation of PDK1 PDK2 and PDK4 is linked to metabolic conditions such as diabetes and cancer. In diabetes an upregulation of PDK activity can lead to reduced glucose oxidation and increased blood glucose levels often connected to insulin resistance. PDKs suppress he activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex leading to altered energy metabolism that is a hallmark in many cancers. Proteins such as insulin receptor substrate (IRS) in diabetes and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in cancer are partners that link PDK activity to these disease states as they modulate PDK expression and activity in response to metabolic demands.