Abcam, ab287084, Muramyl Dipeptide

Size: 1mg / 5mg
MW 492.5 Da, Purity >98%. Muramyl dipeptide is a synthetic immunoreactive peptide that activates NOD2 receptors. Induces polarization of proinflammatory Ly6Chigh into Ly6Clow patrolling monocytes. Also inhibits HIV replication in CD4⁺ H9 lymphocytes.
Key facts
CAS number:53678-77-6,
Purity:>98%,
Form:LyophilizedSee storage information,
Molecular weight:492.5 Da,
Molecular formula:C19H32N4O11,
PubChem:11620162,
Nature:Synthetic,
Solubility:>40 mg/ml in Water,
Biochemical name:Adjuvant Peptide,
Biological description:Muramyl dipeptide is a synthetic immunoreactive peptide that activates NOD2 receptors. Induces polarization of proinflammatory Ly6Chigh into Ly6Clow patrolling monocytes. Also inhibits HIV replication in CD4⁺ H9 lymphocytes.,
Canonical smiles:CC(C(=O)NC(CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N)NC(=O)C(C)OC1C(C(OC(C1O)CO)O)NC(=O)C,
Isomeric smiles:C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H](OC([C@@H]1NC(=O)C)O)CO)O,
InChi:InChI=1S/C19H32N4O11/c1-7(17(30)23-10(16(20)29)4-5-12(26)27)21-18(31)8(2)33-15-13(22-9(3)25)19(32)34-11(6-24)14(15)28/h7-8,10-11,13-15,19,24,28,32H,4-6H2,1-3H3,(H2,20,29)(H,21,31)(H,22,25)(H,23,30)(H,26,27)/t7-,8+,10+,11+,13+,14+,15+,19?/m0/s1,
InChiKey:BSOQXXWZTUDTEL-QAQREVAFSA-N,
IUPAC Name:(4R)-4-[[(2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-[(3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxypropanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-5-amino-5-oxopentanoic acid

Product details:
This product is manufactured by BioVision, an Abcam company and was previously called B2532 Muramyl Dipeptide. B2532-1 is the same size as the 1 mg size of ab287084.
Protect from moisture.

Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions--20°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
The CARD15/NOD2 and NLRP3 proteins have important roles in immune response mechanisms. CARD15 also known as NOD2 is a cytoplasmic protein with a mass of about 115 kDa. It expresses in monocytes macrophages and dendritic cells. NLRP3 a member of the NOD-like receptor family weighs approximately 118 kDa and expresses predominantly in myeloid cells. Both proteins recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns especially components of bacterial peptidoglycans like muramyl dipeptide which activates innate immune signaling.
Biological function summary
These proteins detect intracellular changes related to infections or cellular stress. CARD15/NOD2 and NLRP3 function as part of multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes. These complexes trigger inflammation through the activation of caspase-1 which then processes pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1β. NOD2 responds specifically to muramyl dipeptide leading to nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway activation which enhances inflammation response.
Pathways
Both CARD15/NOD2 and NLRP3 are integral to immune system signaling pathways. NOD2 is central to the NF-κB signaling pathway. It also interacts with proteins like RIP2 to modulate immune response. NLRP3 activates inflammasomes contributing to the IL-1β processing pathway. These pathways influence how the immune system identifies and counteracts bacterial threats.
Dysfunctions in CARD15/NOD2 and NLRP3 have connections to inflammatory diseases. Mutations in NOD2 associate with Crohn's disease affecting intestinal inflammation. NLRP3 mutations relate to cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) leading to systemic autoinflammatory reactions. Associations with other proteins such as IL-1β are critical because their dysregulation in these diseases highlights the key roles of CARD15/NOD2 and NLRP3 in maintaining immune homeostasis.