Abcam, ab45419, Anti-Hrk antibody

Size: 100µg
Rabbit Polyclonal HRK antibody. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF and reacts with Mouse, Human samples. Cited in 6 publications. Immunogen corresponding to Synthetic Peptide within Human HRK.
Key facts
Host species:Rabbit,
Clonality:Polyclonal,
Isotype:IgG,
Carrier free:No,
Reacts with:Mouse, Human,
Applications:WB, ICC/IFSee reactivity dataSee the reactivity data table below for information on validated species and application combinations.,
Immunogen:Synthetic Peptide within Human HRK. The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.O00198

Properties and Storage Information:
Form-Liquid, Purification technique-Affinity purification Immunogen, Storage buffer-pH: 7.2Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azideConstituents: PBS, Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-+4°C

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Hrk also known as Harakiri is a pro-apoptotic protein that has a molecular mass of about 13 kDa. The protein has an important role in apoptosis by promoting cell death through interaction with anti-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 protein family. Hrk localizes mainly in the outer mitochondrial membrane where it is highly expressed in cells that are undergoing apoptosis especially in neural and hematopoietic tissues.
Biological function summary
Hrk contributes to the induction of apoptosis by binding directly to the Bcl-2 family members Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 inhibiting their anti-apoptotic functions. Through this interaction Hrk facilitates mitochondrial cytochrome c release an essential step in the apoptotic cascade. Hrk does not form part of a larger complex but acts individually to promote cell death particularly in pathways concerning developmental and stress-induced apoptosis.
Pathways
Hrk plays a critical role in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. It triggers downstream apoptotic events by enhancing mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization which recruits relevant proteins like bax and bak to amplify the apoptotic signal. Hrk’s interaction in the apoptosis pathway also connects it closely with the mitochondrial release of cytochrome c which later activates caspases leading to cell death.
Hrk has a significant involvement in conditions like neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Abnormal regulation of Hrk expression links to diseases such as Alzheimer's where it may contribute to excessive neuronal apoptosis. Similarly cancer cells may evade apoptosis by down-regulating Hrk expression. Hrk's interaction with proteins like Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL highlights its possible role in therapeutic targets given Bcl-2's association with various cancers.