Abcam, ab278064, Anti-Tetanus Toxin antibody [TH-11]

Size: 100µg
Mouse Monoclonal TETX antibody. Suitable for WB and reacts with Recombinant full length protein - Clostridium tetani samples.
Key facts
Host species:Mouse,
Clonality:Monoclonal,
Clone number:TH-11,
Isotype:IgG1,
Light chain type:kappa,
Carrier free:No,
Applications:WBSee reactivity dataSee the reactivity data table below for information on validated species and application combinations.

Properties and Storage Information:
Form-Liquid, Purification technique-Affinity purification Protein G, Storage buffer-pH: 5 - 8Constituents: PBS, 50% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage duration-1-2 weeks, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Aliquoting information-Upon delivery aliquot, Storage information-Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Tetanus toxin also known as tetanospasmin is a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. It has a molecular mass of approximately 150 kDa. Tetanus toxin is expressed during bacterial proliferation and is later released during bacterial lysis. The toxin is composed of a heavy and light chain linked by disulfide bonds. The heavy chain aids in the binding of the toxin to nerve terminals while the light chain acts as a protease cleaving synaptobrevin on synaptic vesicle membranes.
Biological function summary
Tetanus toxin disrupts synaptic transmission at the neuromuscular junction by blocking the release of neurotransmitters. This action prevents the normal communication between nerves and muscles leading to characteristic muscle stiffness and spasms. Tetanus toxin is not part of a larger complex but operates at one of the final steps in neurotransmitter release. The light chain's enzymatic activity targets SNARE proteins which are essential for the fusion of synaptic vesicles with neuronal membranes.
Pathways
Tetanus toxin affects the synaptic vesicle cycle by inhibiting vesicle release. Its toxic effects block the exocytosis pathway required for neurotransmitter secretion. Tetanus toxin interferes with pathways involving proteins like SNAP-25 and syntaxin integral to membrane fusion and neurotransmitter release. These disruptions cascade into broader neurological pathways disturbing normal neuronal signaling and leading to the symptoms associated with tetanus.
Tetanus toxin is closely related to tetanus a serious condition characterized by muscular rigidity and spastic paralysis. The disease occurs when the toxin spreads from a wound site through the body. Tetanus toxin's activity affects proteins such as synaptobrevin which are critical in neurotransmitter release and therefore contribute to the pathological symptoms of tetanus. The toxin's role in the disease underlines its significance as a target for prevention through immunization with tetanus toxoids.