Abcam, ab315115, Clostridioides difficile Toxin A + Toxin B Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free

Size: 10 x 96Tests
Clostridioides difficile Toxin A + Toxin B Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free is a kit containing recombinant capture and detector antibodies in a carrier-free formulation for the measurement of Clostridioides difficile Toxin A + Toxin B.
Key facts
Reacts with:Clostridium difficile,
Assay type:ELISA set,
Range:0.12 - 15 ng/mL,
Assay Platform:Reagents

Product details:
Patented technology
Our RabMAb
technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to
RabMAb® patents
Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with <1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.
The pair can be used in variety of assays and platforms including but not limited to:
Sandwich ELISA
FRET/TR-FRET/HTRF
Meso Scale Discovery
Bead-based assays
AlphaLISA
/AlphaScreen
DELFIA
immunoassays
and Single Molecule Counting (SMC™) immunoassays
Multiplex
Our antibody pairs are supplied in a carrier-free format that is conjugation-ready:
Buffer free of BSA, sodium azide, and glycerol for higher conjugation efficiency.
Concentration of ~1 mg/ml as measured by the protein A280 method.
We can label antibodies for you: get in touch today to discuss how we can help accelerate your assay development with custom conjugation services.
Pairs are screened in biological samples, including plasma and serum, to ensure specificity in complex samples.
Please note:
The recommended antibody orientation is based on internal optimization in sandwich ELISA. Antibody orientation is assay dependent and needs to be optimized for each assay type.
The range provided for this antibody pair is based on initial sandwich ELISA validation data using recombinant protein. Performance and range of the antibody pair will depend on the specific characteristics of your assay, including standard protein selection.
We guarantee the product works in sandwich ELISA, but we do not guarantee the sensitivity or dynamic range of the antibodies in other assays.
Antibody properties:
Capture antibody:
recombinant rabbit monoclonal (unconjugated) – 100 µg
Detector antibody:
recombinant rabbit monoclonal (unconjugated) - 100 µg
Concentration
: ~1 mg/ml
Storage buffer:
100% PBS
Liquid
Isotype:
Recombinant monoclonal antibodies offer several advantages including:
- High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
- Improved sensitivity and specificity
- Long-term security of supply
- Animal-free production
Meso Scale Discovery and MSD are registered trademarks of Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC.
AlphaLISA, AlphaScreen, and DELFIA are registered trademarks of PerkinElmer, Inc.
Simoa is a registered trademark of Quanterix, Inc.
SMC is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.

Properties and Storage Information:
Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions-+4°C, Storage information-+4°C

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Clostridium difficile Toxins A and B often referred to as the major virulence factors of C. diff are exotoxins with significant impact in infections. These toxins are large proteins with a mass of approximately 308 kDa for Toxin A and 270 kDa for Toxin B. Expressed in the gut environment after germination of C. difficile spores these toxins alter the normal function of intestinal epithelial cells. As glycosylating toxins they disrupt actin cytoskeleton by modifying Rho GTPases which play a critical role in maintaining cellular structure.
Biological function summary
The effects of Toxins A and B result in cytotoxicity and inflammation of the intestinal lining. These toxins are not part of a larger protein complex but function individually to cause cellular damage and trigger strong inflammatory responses. They induce secretion of cytokines which further contributes to inflammation and disrupts tight junctions causing fluid release into the intestinal lumen. This interaction leads to symptoms such as diarrhea and colitis associated with C. diff infection.
Pathways
Toxins A and B influence several regulatory mechanisms in host cells. They are largely involved in the MAPK signaling pathway and disruption of these pathways results in cellular apoptosis. These toxins heavily affect actin cytoskeleton pathways due to their action on Rho GTPases related proteins like Rac1 and Cdc42 leading to loss of cell structure and function. Through these pathways the toxins cause extensive tissue damage paving the way for further bacterial colonization.
Toxins A and B are linked to antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. The damage caused by these toxins plays a significant role in the etiology of these conditions often resulting after disruption of normal gut flora by antibiotics. In the context of immune response these toxins interact with proteins such as Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) which mediates inflammatory signaling further aggravating C. diff-related diseases. By understanding these toxins researchers aim to develop effective treatments for C. diff infections.