Abcam, ab685, Anti-Aflatoxin antibody [1C6]

Size: 100µg
Rat Monoclonal Aflatoxin antibody. Suitable for ELISA and reacts with Chemical samples. Cited in 4 publications.
Key facts
Host species:Rat,
Clonality:Monoclonal,
Clone number:1C6,
Isotype:IgG2b,
Light chain type:unknown,
Carrier free:No,
Applications:ELISASee reactivity dataSee the reactivity data table below for information on validated species and application combinations.,
Specificity:This antibody reacts with Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). It does not react with BSA and other irrelevant antigens by ELISA. A competitive binding assay using AFM1 as the binding competitor to compete with AFM1-BSA-125I showed that AFM1 can effectively inhibit the binding of this antibody to AFM1-BSA-125I and the inhibition degree corresponds to the amounts of AFM1 used. The equilibrium constant K of antibody affinity of this product is 109-1011 M-1.

Properties and Storage Information:
Form-Liquid, Storage buffer-pH: 7.2Constituents: PBS, Shipped at conditions-Blue Ice, Appropriate short-term storage conditions-+4°C, Appropriate long-term storage conditions--20°C, Aliquoting information-Upon delivery aliquot, Storage information-Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Supplementary Information:
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Aflatoxin a type of mycotoxin consists of a group of naturally occurring toxins produced by certain molds like Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. These toxins appear commonly on agricultural crops such as peanuts maize and tree nuts. The aflatoxin molecule has an approximate molecular mass of 312.27 g/mol. In environments with high moisture and warm temperatures these molds thrive increasing the risk of aflatoxin contamination. Laboratories employ technologies like the ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) technique and specific aflatoxin test kits to identify and quantify the presence of aflatoxins in various samples.
Biological function summary
Aflatoxins exhibit potent toxic properties in living organisms. They can lead to oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species impairing cellular function. These toxins interact with the cellular machinery by forming adducts with DNA that disrupt transcription and replication. While aflatoxins don't form biological complexes their interaction considerably modifies the cell environment. This engagement happens predominantly in liver cells where bioactivation results in toxic intermediates that contribute to cellular damage.
Pathways
Aflatoxins interfere with cellular processes by altering metabolic and signal transduction pathways. The CYP450 enzyme family particularly CYP1A2 and CYP3A4 bioactivates aflatoxins via epoxidation which is important for metabolizing these toxins into reactive intermediates. These intermediates can participate in signaling pathways of apoptosis due to unaffordable cellular damage. In this context the detoxification pathway including phase II enzymes like glutathione S-transferases plays a significant protective role interacting with aflatoxins to form more water-soluble compounds.
Aflatoxin exposure associates primarily with liver damage and carcinogenesis. Aflatoxins have a strong link to hepatocellular carcinoma especially in regions with significant exposure through consumption of contaminated food. The hepatitis B virus protein also interacts with aflatoxin-induced carcinogenic pathways enhancing the risk of liver cancer in affected individuals. Additionally aflatoxins sometimes contribute to acute liver failure especially when exposure levels remain unregulated and they can co-occur with other diseases related to long-term low-level exposure.