Biolegend, 641353, PE anti-TGM2 Antibody, 25tests

Protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase 2, also known as TGM2, is a multifunctional enzyme involved in various biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and tissue repair. It catalyzes protein crosslinking by bonding glutamine and lysine residues. It also functions as a deamidase, GTPase, and protein disulfide isomerase. In macrophages, TGM2 expression is induced by Th2 cytokines and plays an important role in M2 differentiation. These M2 macrophages are involved in anti-inflammatory responses, tissue repair, and remodeling. In addition, TGM2 helps in stabilizing the extracellular matrix and promoting cell adhesion, which are crucial for the proper functioning and differentiation of these macrophages. Dysregulation of TGM2 has been linked to several diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and fibrosis. Overexpression of TGM2 is associated with tumor progression and chemoresistance, while its role in neurodegeneration involves the formation of protein aggregates.
25tests
Verified Reactivity: Human, Mouse
Antibody Type: Monoclonal
Host Species: Mouse
Immunogen: Purified human erythrocyte Transglutaminase 2
Formulation: Phosphate-buffered solution, pH 7.2, containing 0.09% sodium azide and BSA (origin USA)
Preparation: The antibody was purified by affinity chromatography and conjugated with PE under optimal conditions.
Concentration: Lot-specific (to obtain lot-specific concentration and expiration, please enter the lot number in our Certificate of Analysis online tool.)
Storage & Handling: The antibody solution should be stored undiluted between 2°C and 8°C, and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze.
Application: ICFC - Quality tested
Recommended Usage: Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by intracellular flow cytometry using our True-Phos™ Perm Buffer in Cell Suspensions Protocol. For flow cytometric staining, the suggested use of this reagent is 5 µL per million cells in 100 µL staining volume or 5 µL per 100 µL of whole blood. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.
Excitation Laser: Blue Laser (488 nm)Green Laser (532 nm)/Yellow-Green Laser (561 nm)
Additional Product Notes: When using this antibody in intracellular flow cytometry (ICFC) we recommend True-Phos™ Perm Buffer (Cat. No. 425401).
RRID: AB_3720592 (BioLegend Cat. No. 641353) AB_3720592 (BioLegend Cat. No. 641354)
Structure: TGM2 is a 686 amino acid length protein with a molecular weight of approximately 77 kDa.
Distribution: TGM2 is predominantly located in the cytoplasm, but it is also present in the plasma membrane, mitochondria, and nucleus. It is also secreted to the ECM.
Function: • Protein Crosslinking: catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds between glutamine and lysine residues in proteins • Cell Adhesion: facilitates cell-matrix interactions, aiding in tissue repair and wound healing• Apoptosis: involved in programmed cell death, contributing to cellular homeostasis• Signal Transduction: acts as a GTPase, participating in intracellular signaling pathways• Extracellular Matrix Stabilization: helps in maintaining the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix
Interaction: • ACO2 (Aconitase 2): involved in the citric acid cycle • HSPB6 (Heat Shock Protein Beta-6): plays a role in muscle function and stress response • FN1 (Fibronectin 1): important for cell adhesion and wound healing • HMGB1 (High Mobility Group Box 1): functions in DNA binding and repair • RAP1GDS1 (RAP1 GTPase-GDP Dissociation Stimulator 1): involved in signal transduction • SLC25A4/ANT1 (Solute Carrier Family 25 Member 4/Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1): plays a role in mitochondrial function • SPP1 (Secreted Phosphoprotein 1): involved in bone remodeling and immune response • WDR54 (WD Repeat Domain 54): functions are less well characterized
Cell Type: Endothelial cells, Epithelial cells, Leukocytes, Macrophages
Biology Area: Adaptive Immunity, Cancer Biomarkers, Cell Biology, Immuno-Oncology, Immunology, Innate Immunity, Stem Cells
Molecular Family: Enzymes and Regulators
Antigen References: Tatsukawa H, et al. 2021. Cells. 10(7):1842 Jiang SH, et al. 2021. J Cell Sci. 134(11) Zhang, et al. 2023. Cellular Oncology. 46:1473 Chrobok NL. et al. 2018. Plos One. 13(4)
Regulation: • Calcium Ions: activation is highly dependent on the presence of calcium ions • GTP/GDP Binding: GTP binding inhibits its transamidation activity, while GDP binding can activate it • Post-Translational Modifications: phosphorylation and other modifications can influence its activity and localization • Cytokines: expression can be upregulated by cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13, especially in macrophages
Gene ID: 7052
UniProt: View information about TGM2 on UniProt.org
Clone: 4G3
Regulatory Status: RUO
Other Names: TG2, TTG, Tissue Transglutaminase, tTG, Transglutaminase II, TGase II, Protein-Glutamine Deamidase, Transglutaminase C
Isotype: Mouse IgG1, κ
Q: What type of PE do you use in your conjugates?
A: We use R-PE in our conjugates.