Biolegend, 648884, Purified anti-SMAD4 Antibody, 25μg

SMAD4, also known as Deleted in Pancreatic Carcinoma locus 4 (DPC4), is a pivotal mediator of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily signaling. SMAD4 belongs to the common-mediator SMAD (co-SMAD) subclass and functions as a necessary partner for receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs) in the canonical TGF-β, activin, and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathways. In the canonical TGF-β superfamily cascade, ligand binding induces heteromeric complex formation between type II and type I serine/threonine kinase receptors, leading to phosphorylation of R-SMADs. Phosphorylated R-SMADs associate with SMAD4 to form hetero-oligomeric complexes that translocate into the nucleus. These complexes bind SMAD-binding elements in target gene promoters and recruit transcriptional co-activators or co-repressors, modulating the expression of genes governing cell cycle arrest, differentiation programs, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix remodeling. SMAD4 serves as a structural and functional scaffold essential for transcriptional regulation. Beyond canonical signaling, SMAD4 engages in extensive crosstalk with MAPK, PI3K–Akt, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, enabling context-dependent modulation of transcriptional output. SMAD4 dysfunction is implicated in diverse human diseases. SMAD4 is frequently inactivated in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through deletion or inactivating mutation. Germline SMAD4 mutations cause hereditary syndromes such as Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS) and are characterized by hamartomatous gastrointestinal polyps with elevated risk of colorectal and gastric cancer. Gain-of-function mutations in SMAD4 underlie Myhre syndrome, featuring connective tissue overgrowth, short stature, craniofacial anomalies, and cardiovascular defects. SMAD4 also influences immune homeostasis by modulating T cell differentiation, particularly regulatory T cell development. This product was carefully developed for performance and specificity using the following products from Horizon Discovery, a Revvity company: HAP1 SMAD KO cells (Exon 3) (Horizon Cat. No. HZGHC005409c003)
25μg
Verified Reactivity: Human, Mouse
Antibody Type: Monoclonal
Host Species: Rat
Immunogen: Recombinant fragment of human SMAD4
Formulation: Phosphate-buffered solution, pH 7.2, containing 0.09% sodium azide
Preparation: The antibody was purified by affinity chromatography.
Concentration: 0.5 mg/mL
Storage & Handling: The antibody solution should be stored undiluted between 2°C and 8°C.
Application: WB - Quality tested IHC-P, ICFC - Verified
Recommended Usage: Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by western blotting. For western blotting, the suggested use of this reagent is 0.25 - 1.0 µg/mL. For immunohistochemistry, a concentration range of 2.5 - 10.0 µg/mL is suggested. For flow cytometric staining, the suggested use of this reagent is ≤ 0.25 µg per million cells in 100 µL volume. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.
Additional Product Notes: For use in intracellular flow cytometry (ICFC), it is recommended to fix/permeabilize with True-Nuclear™ Transcription Factor Buffer Set (Cat. No. 424401). Fixation/permeabilization with True-Phos™ Perm Buffer (Cat. No. 425401) or Cyto-Fast™ Fix/Perm Buffer Set (Cat. No. 426803) is not recommended. For use in immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (IHC-P), it is recommended to perform antigen retrieval using either Citrate Buffer, 10X (Cat. No. 420902) or Tris-EDTA pH 9.0 Antigen Retrieval Buffer (10X) (Cat. No. 422704).
Structure: SMAD4 is a 552 amino acid protein with a predicted molecular weight of 60.4 kD.
Distribution: Cytoplasm and nucleus
Function: Belongs to common SMAD (co-SMAD) and serves as the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta.
Interaction: Forms heterotrimeric complex with SMAD2/SMAD3
Biology Area: Cancer Biomarkers, Cardiovascular Biology, Cell Biology, Cell Proliferation and Viability, Inhibitory Molecules, Signal Transduction
Molecular Family: Phospho-Proteins
Antigen References: Wilentz RE, et al. 2000. Cancer Res. 60(7):2002–2006. Tascilar M, et al. 2001. Clin. Cancer Res. 7(12):4115–4121. Gallione CJ, et al. 2004. Lancet. 363(9412):852–859. Le Goff C, et al. 2012. Nat. Genet. 44(1):85–88. PMID:22158539.
Gene ID: 4089
UniProt: View information about SMAD4 on UniProt.org
Clone: W23084C
Regulatory Status: RUO
Other Names: Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4, MAD homolog 4, Mothers against DPP homolog 4, Deletion target in pancreatic carcinoma 4, DPC4, MADH4
Isotype: Rat IgG2a, κ