Biolegend, 816801, Purified anti-2N Tau Antibody (Previously Covance catalog# SIG-39408), 100microl

Tau proteins are microtubule-associated protein (MAPs) which are abundant in neurons of the central nervous system, but are also expressed at very low levels in CNS astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and elsewhere. One of tau's main functions is to modulate the stability of axonal microtubules. Tau is active primarily in the distal portions of axons providing microtubule stabilization as well as flexibility. Pathologies and dementias of the nervous system such as Alzheimer's disease feature tau proteins that have become defective and no longer stabilize microtubules properly. As a result, tau forms aggregates with specific structural properties referred to as Paired Helical Filaments (PHFs) that are a characteristic of many different types of dementias, known as tauopathies. Tau has two primary ways of controlling microtubule stability: isoforms and phosphorylation. Six tau isoforms exist in human brain tissue, and they are distinguished by the number of binding domains. Three isoforms have three binding domains and the remaining three have four binding domains. The binding domains are located in the carboxy-terminus of the protein and are positively-charged (for binding to the negatively-charged microtubule). Tau isoforms with four binding domains are better at stabilizing microtubules than those with three binding domains. Thus, in the human brain, the tau proteins constitute a family of six isoforms with the range from 352-441 amino acids. They also differ in either zero, one or two inserts of 29 amino acids at the N-terminal part (exon 2 and 3), and three or four repeat-binding regions at the C-terminus. So, the longest isoform in the CNS has four repeats (R1, R2, R3 and R4) and two inserts (441 amino acids total), while the shortest isoform has three repeats (R1, R3 and R4) and no insert (352 amino acids total). Tau is also a phosphoprotein with 79 potential Serine (Ser) and Threonine (Thr) phosphorylation sites on the longest tau isoform. Phosphorylation has been reported on approximately 30 of these sites in normal tau proteins. Mechanisms that drive tau lesion formation in the highly prevalent sporadic form of AD are not fully understood, but appear to involve abnormal post-translational modifications (PTMs) that influence tau function, stability, and aggregation propensity.
100microl
Verified Reactivity: Human
Antibody Type: Monoclonal
Host Species: Mouse
Formulation: Phosphate-buffered solution.
Preparation: The antibody was purified by affinity chromatography.
Concentration: 2 mg/ml
Storage & Handling: This antibody should be handled aseptically as it is free of preservatives such as Sodium Azide. Store this antibody undiluted between 2°C and 8°C. Please note the storage condition for this antibody has been changed from -20°C to between 2°C and 8°C. You can also check the vial label or CoA to find the proper storage conditions.
Application: WB - Quality testedIHC-P - Verified
Recommended Usage: Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by Western blotting. For Western blotting, the suggested use of this reagent is 0.5 - 1.0 µg per ml. For immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue, a concentration range of 0.5 - 1.0 µg/ml is suggested. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.
Application Notes: This antibody is effective in immunoblotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (IHC-P).This antibody is specific for the 2N3R and 2N4R isoforms of human tau.
Product Citations: Liu F, et al. 2023. Front Aging Neurosci. 15:1073774. PubMed Ercan E, et al. 2017. Mol Neurodegener. . 10.1186/s13024-017-0229-1. PubMed
RRID: AB_2715840 (BioLegend Cat. No. 816803) AB_2564803 (BioLegend Cat. No. 816801)
Structure: Expected MW: 2N3R: 57 kD and 2N4R: 60 kD
Biology Area: Cell Biology, Neurodegeneration, Neuroscience, Protein Misfolding and Aggregation
Molecular Family: Tau
Gene ID: 4137
UniProt: View information about 2N Tau on UniProt.org
Clone: 71C11
Regulatory Status: RUO
Other Names: Microtubule-associated protein tau, PHF-tau, paired helical filament-tau, neurofibrillary tangle protein, microtubule-associated protein tau, isoform 4, G protein beta1/gamma2 subunit-interacting factor 1
Previously: Covance Catalog# SIG-39408
Isotype: Mouse IgG2b