CST, 29382S, Atg13 (D4P1K) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Biotinylated)

Monoclonal Antibody for studying ATG13. Validated for Western Blotting. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, Atg13 (D4P1K) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Biotinylated) (CST #29382) is ready to ship. Product Usage Information Western Blotting: 1:1000 Storage Supplied in 140 mM NaCl, 3 mM KCI, 10 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.4) dibasic, 2 mM potassium phosphate monobasic, 2 mg/mL BSA, and 50% glycerol. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. Protocol Available protocols: Western Blotting Specificity / Sensitivity Atg13 (D4P1K) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (Biotinylated) recognizes endogenous levels of total Atg13 protein. Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat Source / Purification Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Asp462 of human Atg13 protein. Background Autophagy is a catabolic process for the autophagosomic-lysosomal degradation of bulk cytoplasmic contents (1,2). Autophagy is generally activated by conditions of nutrient deprivation but has also been associated with a number of physiological processes including development, differentiation, neurodegeneration, infection, and cancer (3). The molecular machinery of autophagy was largely discovered in yeast and referred to as autophagy-related (Atg) genes. Atg13/Apg13 was originally identified in yeast as a constitutively expressed protein that was genetically linked to Atg1/Apg1, a protein kinase required for autophagy (4). Overexpression of Atg1 suppresses the defects in autophagy observed in Atg13 mutants (4). Autophagy requires a direct association between Atg1 and Atg13, and is inhibited by TOR-dependent phosphorylation of Atg13 under high-nutrient conditions (5). Similarly, mammalian Atg13 forms a complex with the Atg1 homologues ULK1/2, along with FIP200, which localizes to autophagic isolation membranes and regulates autophagosome biogenesis (6-8). mTOR phosphorylates both Atg13 and ULK1, suppressing ULK1 kinase activity and autophagy (7-9). ULK1 can directly phosphorylate Atg13 at a yet unidentified site, presumably to promote autophagy (7,8). Additional studies suggest that Atg13 and FIP200 can function independently of ULK1 and ULK2 to induce autophagy through an unknown mechanism (10). Alternate Names ATG13; ATG13 autophagy related 13 homolog; autophagy related 13; Autophagy-related protein 13; FLJ20698; KIAA0652; PARATARG8 Specification REACTIVITY: H M R SENSITIVITY: Endogenous MW (kDa): 72 Source/Isotype: Rabbit IgG