CST, 3039S, Phospho-NF-kappaB p65 (Ser468) Antibody

Polyclonal Antibody for studying NFkB-p65 (Ser468) phosphate. Validated for Western Blotting,Immunoprecipitation. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, Phospho-NF-kappaB p65 (Ser468) Antibody (CST #3039) is ready to ship. Product Usage Information Western Blotting: 1:1000 Immunoprecipitation: 1:50 Storage Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. Protocol Available protocols: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation Specificity / Sensitivity Phospho-NF-kappaB p65 (Ser468) Antibody detects NF-kappaB p65 only when phosphorylated at serine 468. Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat Source / Purification Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser468 of human NF-kappaB p65. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography. Background Transcription factors of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/Rel family play a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune responses (1,2). There are five family members in mammals: RelA, c-Rel, RelB, NF-κB1 (p105/p50), and NF-κB2 (p100/p52). Both p105 and p100 are proteolytically processed by the proteasome to produce p50 and p52, respectively. Rel proteins bind p50 and p52 to form dimeric complexes that bind DNA and regulate transcription. In unstimulated cells, NF-κB is sequestered in the cytoplasm by IκB inhibitory proteins (3-5). NF-κB-activating agents can induce the phosphorylation of IκB proteins, targeting them for rapid degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and releasing NF-κB to enter the nucleus where it regulates gene expression (6-8). NIK and IKKα (IKK1) regulate the phosphorylation and processing of NF-κB2 (p100) to produce p52, which translocates to the nucleus (9-11). PMA-induced NF-kappaB transcriptional activity is dependent on the region between amino acids 442 and 470, suggesting a role for one or more of the potential phosphorylation sites (Ser457, Thr458, Thr464, or Ser468) in this region (12). T-cell costimulation and Calyculin A have both been shown to increase Ser468 phosphorylation (13, 14). IKKβ (but not IKKα) and GSK-3β both target this site (14, 15), which appears to have a negative regulatory role not involving inhibition of nuclear translocation after TNFα or IL-1β stimulation (15). Alternate Names CMCU; MGC131774; NF-kappa-B p65delta3; NF-kappa-B transcription factor p65; NFkB-p65; NFKB3; Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p65 subunit; Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 3; p65; RELA; RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit; RELA/p65; TF65; Transcription factor p65; v-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A; v-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 3 (p65)); v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian); v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 3, p65 Specification REACTIVITY: H M R SENSITIVITY: Endogenous MW (kDa): 65 SOURCE: Rabbit