CST, 3102S, SMAD2/3 Antibody

Polyclonal Antibody for studying Smad3/Smad2. Validated for Western Blotting,Immunoprecipitation. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, SMAD2/3 Antibody (CST #3102) is ready to ship. Product Usage Information Western Blotting: 1:1000 Immunoprecipitation: 1:50 Storage Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. Protocol Available protocols: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation Specificity / Sensitivity SMAD2/3 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total SMAD2/3 protein. Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey Source / Purification Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues in the amino-terminal region of human SMAD2/3. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography. Background Members of the SMAD family of signal transduction molecules are components of a critical intracellular pathway that transmit TGF-β signals from the cell surface into the nucleus. Three distinct classes of SMADs have been defined: the receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs), which include SMAD1, 2, 3, 5, and 9; the common-mediator SMAD (co-SMAD), SMAD4; and the antagonistic or inhibitory SMADs (I-SMADs), SMAD6 and 7 (1-5). Activated type I receptors associate with specific R-SMADs and phosphorylate them on a conserved carboxy-terminal SSXS motif. The phosphorylated R-SMADs dissociate from the receptor and form a heteromeric complex with SMAD4, initiating translocation of the heteromeric SMAD complex to the nucleus. Once in the nucleus, SMADs recruit a variety of DNA binding proteins that function to regulate transcriptional activity (6-8). Following stimulation by TGF-β, Smad2 and Smad3 become phosphorylated at their carboxyl termini (Ser465 and 467 on Smad2; Ser423 and 425 on Smad3) by TGF-β Receptor I. Phosphorylated Smad 2/3 can complex with Smad4, translocate to the nucleus and regulate gene expression (9-11). Alternate Names DKFZp586N0721; DKFZp686J10186; hMAD-2; hMAD-3; hSMAD2; hSMAD3; HSPC193; HsT17436; JV15-2; JV18; JV18-1; LDS1C; LDS3; MAD homolog 2; MAD homolog 3; mad homolog JV15-2; mad protein homolog; Mad protein homolog; Mad-related protein 2; MAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2; MAD, mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3; Mad3; MADH2; MADH3; MADR2; MGC22139; MGC34440; MGC60396; mother against DPP homolog 2; Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2; Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3; Mothers against DPP homolog 2; Mothers against DPP homolog 3; Sma- and Mad-related protein 2; SMA- and MAD-related protein 3; SMAD 2; SMAD 3; SMAD family member 2; SMAD family member 3; SMAD, mothers against DPP homolog 2; SMAD, mothers against DPP homolog 3; SMAD2; SMAD3 Specification REACTIVITY: H M R Mk SENSITIVITY: Endogenous MW (kDa): 52, 60 SOURCE: Rabbit