CST, 5321S, MDA-5 (D74E4) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody

Monoclonal Antibody for studying MDA5. Validated for Western Blotting,Immunoprecipitation. Available in 2 sizes. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, MDA-5 (D74E4) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (CST #5321) is ready to ship. Product Usage Information Western Blotting: 1:1000 Immunoprecipitation: 1:100 Storage Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. Protocol Available protocols: Western Blotting, Immunoprecipitation Specificity / Sensitivity MDA-5 (D74E4) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody detects endogenous levels of total MDA-5 protein. Species Reactivity: Human, Mouse Source / Purification Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Arg470 of human MDA-5. Background Antiviral innate immunity depends on the combination of parallel pathways triggered by virus detecting proteins in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family and RNA helicases, such as Rig-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I) and MDA-5 (melanoma differentiation-associated antigen 5), which promote the transcription of type I interferons (IFN) and antiviral enzymes (1-3). TLRs and helicase proteins contain sites that recognize the molecular patterns of different virus types, including DNA, single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), and glycoproteins. These antiviral proteins are found in different cell compartments; TLRs (i.e. TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9) are expressed on endosomal membranes and helicases are localized to the cytoplasm. Rig-I expression is induced by retinoic acid, LPS, IFN, and viral infection (4,5). Both Rig-I and MDA-5 share a DExD/H-box helicase domain that detects viral dsRNA and two amino-terminal caspase recruitment domains (CARD) that are required for triggering downstream signaling (4-7). Rig-I binds both dsRNA and viral ssRNA that contains a 5'-triphosphate end not seen in host RNA (8,9). Though structurally related, Rig-I and MDA-5 detect a distinct set of viruses (10,11). The CARD domain of the helicases, which is sufficient to generate signaling and IFN production, is recruited to the CARD domain of the MAVS/VISA/Cardif/IPS-1 mitochondrial protein, which triggers activation of NF-κB, TBK1/IKKε, and IRF-3/IRF-7 (12-15). MDA-5 (16,17), also named Ifih1 (interferon induced with helicase C domain 1), RH116 (RNA helicase-DEAD box protein 116) (18), or Helicard (19) is found to be induced by interferon. During apoptosis, MDA-5 is cleaved by caspases, separating the helicase and CARD domains (19). MDA-5 is uniquely activated by picornavirus (20) and measles virus (21). Alternate Names AGS7; CADM-140 autoantigen; Clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis autoantigen 140 kDa; DEAD/H (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp/His) box polypeptide; Helicard; Helicase with 2 CARD domains; Hlcd; IDDM19; IFIH1; interferon induced with helicase C domain 1; Interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1; Interferon-induced with helicase C domain protein 1; MDA-5; MDA5; melanoma differentiation associated protein-5; melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5; Melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5; MGC133047; Murabutide down-regulated protein; RH116; RIG-I-like receptor 2; RLR-2; RNA helicase-DEAD box protein 116; SGMRT1 Specification REACTIVITY: H M SENSITIVITY: Endogenous MW (kDa): 135 Source/Isotype: Rabbit IgG