CST, 70667S, Cleaved TGF-beta1 (Ala279)/TGF-beta3 (Ala301) (E5L1D) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody

Monoclonal Antibody for studying TGFB2 (Ala303) cleaved/TGFB1 (Ala279) cleaved/TGFB3 (Ala301) cleaved. Validated for Western Blotting. Available in 2 sizes. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, Cleaved TGF-beta1 (Ala279)/TGF-beta3 (Ala301) (E5L1D) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (CST #70667) is ready to ship. Product Usage Information Western Blotting: 1:1000 Storage Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/mL BSA, 50% glycerol, and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. Protocol Available protocols: Western Blotting Specificity / Sensitivity Cleaved TGF-beta1 (Ala279)/TGF-beta3 (Ala301) (E5L1D) Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 proteins only when cleaved at Ala279 and Ala301, respectively. This antibody does not cross-react with full-length TGF-β1, TGF-β2, or TGF-β3, nor does it react with cleaved TGF-β2. Upper bands present in human platelet and K-562 lanes are non-specific. Species Reactivity: Human Source / Purification Monoclonal antibody is produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues adjacent to Ala279 and Ala301 of human TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 proteins, respectively. Background Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) proteins belong to the TGF-β superfamily of cytokines that play a critical role in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, developmental patterning and morphogenesis, and disease pathogenesis (1-3). TGF-β ligands elicit signaling through three cell surface receptors: type I (RI), type II (RII), and type III (RIII) TGF-β receptors. Type I and type II receptors are serine/threonine kinases that form a heteromeric complex following ligand binding to the type II receptor. In response to ligand binding, the type II receptors form a stable complex with the type I receptors, triggering phosphorylation and activation of the type I receptor (4). This results in the recruitment of receptor-mediated SMADs (SMAD2, SMAD3), which are phosphorylated by the type I kinase in an SSXS domain in the C-terminus. This leads to recruitment of the co-SMAD (SMAD4), and subsequent translocation of this heteromeric SMAD complex to the nucleus, where it regulates transcription of target genes (5-7). The type III receptor, also known as betaglycan, is a transmembrane proteoglycan with a large extracellular domain that binds TGF-β with high affinity but lacks a cytoplasmic signaling domain. Expression of the type III receptor can regulate TGF-β signaling through presentation of the ligand to the signaling complex (8). There are three TGF-β family members, designated TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3, which are encoded by distinct genes and are expressed in a tissue-specific manner (10). TGF-β proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins that are cleaved and reassembled in association with other proteins to form latent complexes. Activation occurs by proteolytic release of TGF-β monomers, which dimerize to form the mature TGF-β ligands. Alternate Names ARVD; ARVD1; BSC-1 cell growth inhibitor; CED; Cetermin; DPD1; FLJ16571; G-TSF; Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor; IBDIMDE; LAP; Latency-associated peptide; LDS4; LDS5; MGC116892; Polyergin; prepro-transforming growth factor beta-1; prepro-transforming growth factor beta-2; prepro-transforming growth factor beta-3; RNHF; TGF beta; TGF-beta 1 protein; TGF-beta-1; TGF-beta-2; TGF-beta-3; TGF-beta1; TGF-beta2; TGF-beta3; TGFB; TGFB1; TGFB2; TGFB3; TGFbeta; transforming growth factor beta 1; transforming growth factor beta 2; transforming growth factor beta 3; Transforming growth factor beta-1; Transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-2; Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein; Transforming growth factor beta-3; Transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein; transforming growth factor beta1; transforming growth factor, beta 1; transforming growth factor, beta 2; transforming growth factor, beta 3 Specification REACTIVITY: H SENSITIVITY: Endogenous MW (kDa): 12 Source/Isotype: Rabbit IgG