CST, 86455S, Phospho-Beclin-1 (Ser90) Antibody

Polyclonal Antibody for studying Beclin 1 (Ser90) phosphate. Validated for Western Blotting. Highly specific and rigorously validated in-house, Phospho-Beclin-1 (Ser90) Antibody (CST #86455) is ready to ship. Product Usage Information Western Blotting: 1:1000 Storage Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at -20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody. Protocol Available protocols: Western Blotting Specificity / Sensitivity Phospho-Beclin-1 (Ser90) Antibody recognizes endogenous levels of Beclin-1 protein only when phosphorylated at Ser90. This antibody may not react with Beclin-1 when dually phosphorylated at Ser90 and Ser93. Background bands of unknown origin were detected at 100, 35, and 10 kDa in some cell lines. Species Reactivity: Human Source / Purification Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser90 of human Beclin-1 protein. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography. Background Autophagy is a catabolic process for the autophagosomic-lysosomal degradation of proteins activated in response to nutrient deprivation and in neurodegenerative conditions (1). One of the proteins critical to this process is Beclin-1, the mammalian orthologue of the yeast autophagy protein Apg6/Vps30 (2). Beclin-1 can complement defects in yeast autophagy caused by loss of Apg6 and can also stimulate autophagy when overexpressed in mammalian cells (3). Mammalian Beclin-1 was originally isolated in a yeast two-hybrid screen for Bcl-2 interacting proteins and has been shown to interact with Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, but not with Bax or Bak (4). While Beclin-1 is generally ubiquitously expressed, research studies have shown it is monoallelically deleted in 40-75% of sporadic human breast and ovarian cancers (5). Beclin-1 is localized within cytoplasmic structures including the mitochondria, although overexpression of Beclin-1 reveals some nuclear staining and CRM1-dependent nuclear export (6). Investigators have demonstrated that Beclin-1 mice die early in embryogenesis and Beclin-1 mice have a high incidence of spontaneous tumors. Stem cells from the null mice demonstrate an altered autophagic response, although responses to apoptosis appeared normal (7). Researchers have also found that overexpression of Beclin-1 in virally infected neurons resulted in significant protection against Sindbis virus-induced disease and neuronal apoptosis (4). Several studies have indicated that autophagy is enhanced by phosphorylation of Beclin-1 at Ser90 triggered by stress-responsive kinases including MAPKAPK-2/MAPKAPK-3, DAPK3, and CaMKII (8-10). Alternate Names ATG6; ATG6 autophagy related 6 homolog; beclin 1; beclin 1 (coiled-coil, moesin-like BCL2 interacting protein); beclin 1 (coiled-coil, moesin-like BCL2-interacting protein); beclin 1, autophagy related; Beclin-1; Beclin-1-C 35 kDa; Beclin-1-C 37 kDa; beclin1; BECN1; Coiled-coil myosin-like BCL2-interacting protein; GT197; Protein GT197; testis secretory sperm-binding protein Li 215e; VPS30 Specification REACTIVITY: H SENSITIVITY: Endogenous MW (kDa): 60 SOURCE: Rabbit