Rhodopsin is a multi-pass, G-protein-coupled membrane receptor protein belonging to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. Found within rod photoreceptor cells, rhodopsin is activated by light photons in order for the visual transduction cascade to initialize. Rhodopsin is necessary to the forming of images in low light and for the viability of photoreceptor cells after birth. Mutations in rhodopsin expression are the most widely known cause of the human disease retinitis pigmentosa (RP) resulting in gradual loss of vision. At present, there are over 100 known rhodopsin mutations.
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